基于高通量测序技术解析中高温制曲真菌群落的演替规律研究  

High-Throughput Sequencing Revealed Succession Law of Fungi Community in Medium/High-Temperature Daqu

作　　者：杨勇[1] 葛向阳[1,2] 张聪芝 李燕荣[1] 贾亚伟[1] YANG Yong;GE Xiangyang;ZHANG Congzhi;LI Yanrong;JIAYawei(Yanghe Distillery Co.Ltd.,Suqian,Jiangsu 223800;Suqian University,Suqian,Jiangsu 223800,China)

机构地区：[1]江苏洋河酒厂股份有限公司,江苏宿迁223800 [2]宿迁学院,江苏宿迁223800

出　　处：《酿酒科技》2023年第10期33-38,共6页Liquor-Making Science & Technology

基　　金：2021年宿迁市科技计划(基础研究计划自然科学资金)项目(k202135)。

摘　　要：以洋河中高温大曲为研究对象,通过高通量测序技术分析不同培养阶段真菌微生物群落结构及其演替规律,并探索了大曲发酵、生香等功能与真菌种类之间的潜在关系。研究结果表明,子囊菌门和毛霉门占据绝对优势,子囊菌门包括半子囊菌纲的酵母目和散囊菌纲的散囊菌目,毛霉门即毛霉纲的毛霉目;属水平下,嗜热真菌属、根毛霉属、根霉属、曲霉属、生丝毕赤酵母属、横梗霉属、威克汉姆酵母属等真菌分别在不同培养阶段占据主导地位,前期主要是酵母属,后期主要是耐高温霉菌。其中,大曲发酵力与生丝毕赤酵母属相关性较高,酯化力与嗜热真菌属、红曲霉、威克汉姆酵母属相关性较高,水分则与孢圆酵母属的相关性较高。研究结果揭示了中高温大曲发酵过程中真菌群落的演替规律,解释了大曲发酵、生香等功能与真菌种类之间的潜在关系,有助于大曲微生物多样性形成机制的进一步解析,为优质大曲生产提供了理论依据。Taking Yanghe medium/high-temperature Daqu as the research object,high-throughput sequencing technology was used to analyze the structure and succession law of fungi communities at different cultivation stages.The potential relationship between Daqu fermentation,aroma production and fungal species was explored.The results showed that Ascomycota and Mucoromycota were dominant.At the genus level,Thermomyces,Rhizomucor,Rhizopus,Aspergillus,Hyphopichia,Lichtheimia,and Wickerhamomyces were dominant respectively at different cultivation stages.In the early stages,yeasts were dominant;in the later stages,high-temperature-resistant molds were dominant.The fermentation power of Daqu was highly correlated with Hyphopichia.The esterification power of Daqu was highly correlated with Thermomyces,Monascus and Wickerhamomyces.The water content of Daqu was highly correlated with Torulaspora.The results revealed the succession law of fungi communities during the fermentation process of medium/high-temperature Daqu,explained the potential relationship between Daqu fermentation,aroma production and fungal species,contributed to further analysis of the formation mechanism of microbial diversity of Daqu,and provided a theoretical basis for the production of high-quality Daqu.

关 键 词：中高温大曲 高通量测序 真菌 演替 相关性 

分 类 号：TS262.3[轻工技术与工程—发酵工程] TS261.1[轻工技术与工程—食品科学与工程]