2020—2021年海南省市售海产品中金属元素含量调查及其膳食摄入风险评估  

Metallic element in commercially availableaquatic products and risk of dietary intake of Hainan,2020-2021

作　　者：云奋[1] 赖宣丞 韩健[1] 黄涵 廖凯[1] 叶海湄[1] YUN Fen;LAI Xuan-cheng;HAN Jian;HUANG Han;LIAO Kai;YE Hai-mei(Hainan Province Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Haikou,Hainan 570203,China)

机构地区：[1]海南省疾病预防控制中心,海南海口570203

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2023年第20期3806-3811,共6页Modern Preventive Medicine

基　　金：海南省自然科学基金计划项目(820MS156)。

摘　　要：目的调查分析海南省市售海产品中金属元素含量水平,明确当地海产品中三种金属元素潜在的膳食暴露情况。方法采集2020—2021年海南省8个市县共3大类140份海产品样本,采用微波消解-ICP-MS对样品中铅、镉和总砷的含量进行分析,采用单因子污染指数(Pi)和内梅罗综合污染指数(P综)来进行评价,计算海产品中金属元素的暴露量,利用点评估法对海产品中金属元素膳食摄入风险评估。结果贝类和甲壳类中镉的超标率分别为30%(15/50)和93.3%(56/60),其中贝类超标率高低表现为扇贝(73.3%)>牡蛎(17.6%)>泥蚶(5.56%);贝类中的扇贝和海鱼中三种金属元素综合污染指数(P扇贝综=1.02,P海鱼综=1.20)达到轻度污染水平,虾姑中三种金属元素综合污染指数(P虾姑综=2.17)达到中度污染水平;铅、镉、无机砷三种金属元素的平均暴露对居民健康风险均可接受。结论近两年来海南省市售海产品存在一定程度的金属污染情况,以贝类和甲壳类中镉的污染最为严重,需加强高消费人群及儿童的监测。Objective To investigate and analyze the content levels of metallic element in aquatic products in Hainan Province,and to clarify the exposure risk of aquatic products.Methods A total of 140 aquatic products samples from 8 cities in Hainan Province were collected from 2020 to 2021.The contents of lead,cadmium and total arsenic in the samples were analyzed by microwave digestion-ICP-MS,and the single-factor pollution index(Pi)and Nemerow integrated pollution index(Psummary)were used to evaluate the metallic element pollution level.Dietary risk assessment of metallic elements in aquatic products was carry out by point assessment.Results The exceeding rate of cadmium in shellfish and crustaceans were 30%(15/50)and 93.3%(56/60)respectively.The exceeding rate of cadmium in shellfish was as follows:scallop(73.3%)>oyster(17.6%)>tegillarca granosa(5.56%).The comprehensive pollution index of three metallic element in scallop and marine fish reached light pollution(P scallop summary=1.02,P marine fish summary=1.20),and the comprehensive pollution index of three metallic element in crustaceans reached middle pollution(P crustaceans summary=2.17).The exposure of lead,cadmium and inorganic arsenic to the health risks of residents were acceptable.Conclusion In recent two years,there has been a certain degree of metal pollution in commercially available aquatic products in Hainan Province,cadmium pollution in shellfish and crustaceans are more serious.It is necessary to strengthen supervision of high consumption groups and children.

关 键 词：海产品 金属元素 风险监测 风险评估 

分 类 号：R155.5[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学]