Brain dysfunctions and neurotoxicity induced by psychostimulants in experimental models and humans:an overview of recent findings  

作　　者：Marcello Serra Nicola Simola Alexia E.Pollack Giulia Costa 

机构地区：[1]Department of Biomedical Sciences,Section of Neuroscience,University of Cagliari,Cagliari,Italy [2]Department of Biology,University of Massachusetts-Boston,Boston,MA,USA

出　　处：《Neural Regeneration Research》2024年第9期1908-1918,共11页中国神经再生研究（英文版）

基　　金：supported by PON AIM(PON RICERCA E INNOVAZIONE 2014-2020,-AZIONE I.2.D.D.N.407 DEL 27 FEBBRAIO 2018-“ATTRACTION AND INTERNATIONAL MOBILITY”)(to GC);Zardi-Gori Foundation(research grant 2021)(to MS);intramural funds from the University of Cagliari(to NS);Fondazione CON IL SUD and The U.S.-Italy Fulbright Commission(to AEP).

摘　　要：Preclinical and clinical studies indicate that psychostimulants,in addition to having abuse potential,may elicit brain dysfunctions and/or neurotoxic effects.Central toxicity induced by psychostimulants may pose serious health risks since the recreational use of these substances is on the rise among young people and adults.The present review provides an overview of recent research,conducted between 2018 and 2023,focusing on brain dysfunctions and neurotoxic effects elicited in experimental models and humans by amphetamine,cocaine,methamphetamine,3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine,methylphenidate,caffeine,and nicotine.Detailed elucidation of factors and mechanisms that underlie psychostimulant-induced brain dysfunction and neurotoxicity is crucial for understanding the acute and enduring noxious brain effects that may occur in individuals who use psychostimulants for recreational and/or therapeutic purposes.

关 键 词：3 4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine AMPHETAMINE caffeine cell cultures cocaine METHAMPHETAMINE METHYLPHENIDATE NEUROTOXICITY nicotine 

分 类 号：R741[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]