冬春季低温期茶园覆盖转光膜的生理生态效应  

Physiological and Ecological Effect of Covering Tea Garden with Light Conversion Film During Low Temperature Period in Winter and Spring

作　　者：刘嘉裕 胡海涛[1] 刘晓瑭[2] 陈震东 梁成额 唐颢[1] LIU Jiayu;HU Haitao;LIU Xiaotang;CHEN Zhendong;LIANG Cheng’e;TANG Hao(Guangdong Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Resources Innovation and Utilization/Tea Research Institute,Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Guangzhou 510640;South China Agricultural University,Guangzhou 510640;Foshan Onmillion Nano Materials Co.,Ltd.,Foshan,Guangdong 528143)

机构地区：[1]广东省农业科学院茶叶研究所/广东省茶树资源创新利用重点实验室,广州510640 [2]华南农业大学,广州510640 [3]佛山安亿纳米材料有限公司,广东佛山528143

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2023年第34期98-104,共7页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：国家现代农业(茶叶)产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-19);广东省乡村振兴战略专项资金(农业科技能力提升)“英德红茶标准化栽培关键技术集成与示范”(403-2018-XMZC-0002-90,TS-2-1);揭阳市2020年广东省科技专项资金“大专项+任务清单”“智慧生态茶园绿色防控技术集成与示范”(sdzx004)。

摘　　要：研究冬春季低温期大棚茶园覆盖转光膜的生理生态效应,旨在为转光膜在设施茶园的应用提供依据。设普通农膜大棚茶园、露天茶园(CK)、转光膜大棚茶园、转光膜大棚茶园配施CO_(2)4个处理,对比不同处理对微域气候、茶树发育及茶叶品质的影响。覆膜期间,1—4月棚内平均气温比CK分别提高3.49%~4.07%,平均湿度提高0.03%~1.35%,光照强度降低4.71%~10.01%;转光膜+CO_(2)处理茶树一芽二叶长度、百芽重、发芽密度、总产量较CK分别增加12.62%、7.30%、13.74%、14.75%,其中春茶、秋茶产量分别提高8.77%、24.42%;转光膜+CO_(2)处理茶鲜叶氨基酸、可溶性糖、茶多酚含量显著高于CK,分别增加22.44%、23.62%、17.68%,而咖啡碱含量显著低于CK,醇类物质的相对含量均值较高,其中β-芳樟醇、反-3-己烯醇的含量显著高于CK。茶园覆盖转光膜并补充CO_(2)有利于碳同化作用,促使氨基酸、可溶性糖、茶多酚总量增加,促进茶汤香气呈现甜醇,提升浓厚度及甜度。The physiological and ecological effects of light conversion film in greenhouse tea garden in winter and spring were studied to provide basis for the application of light conversion film in greenhouse tea garden.Four treatments of common plastic film greenhouse tea garden,open-air tea garden(CK),light conversion plastic film greenhouse tea garden and light conversion plastic film greenhouse tea garden were applied with CO_(2).The effects of different treatments on micro climate,tea tree development and tea quality were compared.During the film covering period,the average temperature in the shed from January to April was 3.49%-4.07%higher than CK,the average humidity was 0.03%-1.35%higher,and the light intensity was 4.71%-10.01%lower than CK.Compared with CK,the length of one bud and two leaves,weight of 100 buds,germination density and total yield of tea trees treated with light conversion film+CO_(2) increased by 12.62%,7.30%,13.74%and 14.75%respectively,among which the yield of spring tea and autumn tea increased by 8.77%and 24.42%respectively.The contents of amino acid,soluble sugar and tea polyphenol in fresh tea leaves treated with light conversion film+CO_(2) increased significantly by 22.44%,23.62%and 17.68%compared to CK,respectively,while the content of caffeine was significantly lower than that of CK.The average relative content of alcohols was higher,with the content ofβ-linalool and trans-3-hexenol significantly higher than CK.The tea garden covered with light conversion film and supplemented with CO_(2) is conducive to carbon assimilation,which increases the total amount of amino acids,soluble sugar and tea polyphenols,promotes the sweet and mellow aroma of tea soup,and improves the thickness and sweetness.

关 键 词：转光膜 茶树 感官品质 生化成分 香气成分 

分 类 号：S571.1[农业科学—茶叶生产加工]