新时代我国中小学科学教育的发展路向——以PISA2025科学测评框架为鉴  

Development of Primary and Secondary School Science Education in China in the New Era:Based on PISA 2025 Science Assessment Framework

作　　者：王清涛 Wang Qingtao

机构地区：[1]华东师范大学国际与比较教育研究所,上海200062 [2]国家公派美国加州大学洛杉矶分校,洛杉矶90024

出　　处：《课程．教材．教法》2024年第1期120-126,共7页Curriculum，Teaching Material and Method

基　　金：国家社会科学基金“十四五”规划2022年度教育学青年项目“中美竞争背景下美国教育战略及中国应对研究”(CDA220273);国家留学基金委2022年度“国家建设高水平大学公派研究生项目”(202206140140)。

摘　　要：科学教育的本质是提高学生的科学素养。PISA2025科学测评框架提出,任何科学教育的成果都可以被概括为科学情境、科学能力、科学知识和科学身份四个相互关联的组成部分。透析PISA科学测评框架的演变特征可以发现:PISA 2025在继承中创新发展,不断拓宽科学素养的内涵;动态响应社会变化,整合并新增科学能力标准;改变情感衡量因素,由科学态度转向科学身份;重点关注环境科学,强调面向人类世的能动性。这些最新动向为新时代我国中小学科学教育的改革与发展提供了有益借鉴:坚持素养导向目标,推进跨学科整合教学;因应信息社会要求,塑造数字化时代科学公民;超越认知需求领域,重视培育非认知科学能力;立足真实世界情境,探究解决全球性科学议题。The essence of science education is to improve scientific competency.PISA 2025 science assessment framework proposes that science education achievements include four interrelated parts:scientific context,ability,knowledge and identity.From a comparative perspective,researchers find that PISA 2025 science assessment framework has developed in inheritance and constantly broadened the connotation of scientific compet ency,dynamically responded to the requirements of information society and integrated and added new standards of scientific ability,changed factors of affective measurement and shifted from scientific attitude to identity,and focused on environmental science and emphasized dynamics oriented to human world.These trends provide the following inspirations for the reform and development of science education in China in the new era:adhering to competency oriented goal and promoting interdisciplinary and integrated science teaching,responding to the requirements of information society and shaping scientific citizenship in the digital era,going beyond the domain of cognitive need and paying attention to the cultivation of non-cognitive scientific competency,and focusing on real-world situation and exploring and solving global scientific issues.

关 键 词：PISA 科学教育 科学素养 教育评价 

分 类 号：G623.6[文化科学—教育学] G633.7