荧光方法在酶抑制农药残留快速检测中的研究进展  

Research progress on fluorescence methods for rapid detection of pesticide residues via enzyme inhibition

作　　者：吴正浩 郝振霞[1,2,3] 陈红平 鲁成银[1,2,3] WU Zheng-Hao;HAO Zhen-Xia;CHEN Hong-Ping;LU Cheng-Yin(Tea Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Hangzhou 310008,China;Key Laboratory of Tea Quality and Safety Control,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Hangzhou 310008,China;Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Tea Products(Hangzhou),Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Hangzhou 310008,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院茶叶研究所,杭州310008 [2]农业农村部茶叶质量安全控制重点实验室,杭州310008 [3]农业农村部茶叶产品质量安全风险评估实验室(杭州),杭州310008

出　　处：《食品安全质量检测学报》2024年第1期29-40,共12页Journal of Food Safety and Quality

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFD1601101);浙江省基础公益研究计划项目(LTGN23C200018);中国农业科学院创新团队茶叶质量与风险评估团队项目(CAAS-ASTIP-2016-TRICAAS);国家现代农业产业技术体系项目(CARS-19)。

摘　　要：农药残留污染是农产品质量安全的首要关注因子,基于大型仪器的实验室检测模式难以匹配检测时效性需求。基于乙酰胆碱酯酶活性抑制的农药残留快速检测方法(酶抑制法)具有操作便携、检测速度快等优势,已成为农产品质量安全的常用筛查手段。囿于常规可见光比色法性能,传统的酶抑制法在检测灵敏度方面受到制约,这限制了其进一步的发展。荧光方法利用特征的激发/发射光谱,可以有效降低非特异性干扰,因此将荧光信号作为数据采集技术是改善酶抑制法灵敏度缺陷的有效手段。本文重点介绍了荧光方法在酶抑制农药残留快速检测中的信号响应模式,包括单酶-荧光材料响应、多酶级联响应和酶活性靶向小分子荧光探针响应,还分别总结了不同方法的目标物响应机制、检测效果及应用现状,最后对酶抑制农药残留快速检测的发展方向进行了展望。Pesticide residue contamination stands as a primary concern for the safety of agricultural products.Conventional laboratory detection methods based on large-scale instruments fail to meet time-effectiveness of detection.The rapid detection method for pesticide residues based on acetylcholinesterase activity inhibition(AChE inhibition assay)possesses advantages such as portability and high detection speed,making it a commonly employed screening tool for ensuring the safety of agricultural products.However,AChE inhibition assays faces limitations in detection sensitivity,primarily attributed to the performance constraints of conventional visible colorimetric,impeding its further advancement.The fluorescence methods,utilizing distinctive excitation/emission spectra,have demonstrated effectiveness in reducing nonspecific interference and enhancing detection sensitivity.Consequently,using fluorescence signals as the data acquisition serves as an effective approach to address the sensitivity shortcomings of the AChE inhibition assay.This paper focused on the signal response of fluorescence methods in the rapid detection of pesticide residues via AChE-inhibition assays,including single enzyme-fluorescent materials,multi-enzyme cascading reactions and AChE-targeted small-molecule fluorescent probes.In addition,this paper systematically summarized the target response mechanisms,detection performances and the applications of these methods.Finally,we provided the prospective outlook on the development of rapid detection of pesticide residues via AChE inhibition assay.

关 键 词：酶抑制法 乙酰胆碱酯酶 荧光检测 农药残留 快速检测 

分 类 号：TS207.53[轻工技术与工程—食品科学] O657.3[轻工技术与工程—食品科学与工程]