鲢鱼糜漂洗液中不同回收方式肌浆蛋白的结构和功能特性  

Structural and Functional Properties of Sarcoplasmic Proteins from Silver Carp Surimi Wash Water Recovered by Different Methods

作　　者：任中阳 龙斯宇 康宁哲 石林凡 翁武银[1] 黄琪琳 REN Zhongyang;LONG Siyu;KANG Ningzhe;SHI Linfan;WENG Wuyin;HUANG Qilin(College of Ocean Food and Biological Engineering,Jimei University,Xiamen 361021,China;College of Food Science and Technology,Huazhong Agricultural University,Wuhan 430070,China;National R&D Branch Center for Conventional Freshwater Fish Processing(Wuhan),Wuhan 430070,China)

机构地区：[1]集美大学海洋与食品生物工程学院,福建厦门361021 [2]华中农业大学食品科学技术学院,湖北武汉430070 [3]国家大宗淡水鱼加工技术研发分中心(武汉),湖北武汉430070

出　　处：《食品科学》2024年第7期225-232,共8页Food Science

基　　金：福建省种业创新与产业工程项目(2021FJSCZY01);福建省自然科学基金面上项目(2021J01835);厦门市科技计划项目(3502Z20226018)。

摘　　要：以鲢鱼糜漂洗废液中的肌浆蛋白为对象,对比分析回收方式对肌浆蛋白的结构和功能特性的影响。结果表明:酸偏移和热处理对肌浆蛋白的巯基向二硫键转化程度、表面疏水性、色氨酸内源荧光光谱强度、溶解性、起泡性的影响较大;通过对肌浆蛋白二级结构分析发现,冷冻干燥和热处理法下β-折叠相对含量较大,等电点沉淀法、酸偏移法和酸偏移耦合壳聚糖絮凝法下无规则卷曲相对含量较大,壳聚糖絮凝法下β-转角相对含量较大,所有回收方式下α-螺旋相对含量均较小,总体上肌浆蛋白二级结构由有序向无序不同程度转化;此外,壳聚糖与肌浆蛋白结合,絮凝产生大分子复合物,而酸偏移导致部分蛋白解聚。不同回收方式下肌浆蛋白结构变化进而影响到功能性质,其中酸偏移耦合壳聚糖絮凝法制备的肌浆蛋白在pH值和壳聚糖双重作用下表面疏水性明显增加,促使乳化性降低;而经冷冻干燥、等电点沉淀法和壳聚糖絮凝回收得到肌浆蛋白的乳化性较大,特别是壳聚糖处理能有效改善肌浆蛋白的乳化性。In this study,the effects of different recovery methods on the structure and functional properties of sarcoplasmic proteins from silver carp surimi wash water were analyzed.The results showed that acidic pH-shifting and heat treatment had a great effect on the degree of conversion of–SH groups to disulfide bonds,surface hydrophobicity,intrinsic tryptophan fluorescence intensity,solubility and foamability of sarcoplasmic proteins.Secondary structure analysis showed that freeze drying and heat treatment gave rise to a higher relative content ofβ-sheet;isoelectric point precipitation,acidic pH-shifting alone and in combination with chitosan flocculation resulted in a higher relative content of random coil;chitosan flocculation led to a higher relative content ofβ-turn.These methods consistently yielded a lower relative content ofα-helix,and caused the secondary structure of sarcoplasmic proteins to transform from an ordered to a disordered state.In addition,chitosan could bind to sarcoplasmic proteins to form large molecular mass complexes,whereas acidic pH-shifting caused partial decomposition of sarcoplasmic proteins.The structural changes cause by the different recovery methods affected the functional properties of sarcoplasmic proteins.The sarcoplasmic proteins prepared by acidic pH-shifting coupled with chitosan flocculation had much higher surface hydrophobicity and consequently poorer emulsifying properties,while those obtained by freeze drying,isoelectric point precipitation,and chitosan flocculation had stronger emulsifying properties.Notably,chitosan treatment significantly improved the emulsifying properties of sarcoplasmic proteins.

关 键 词：鱼糜漂洗废液 肌浆蛋白 回收方式 结构 功能特性 

分 类 号：TS254.9[轻工技术与工程—水产品加工及贮藏工程]