“双减”背景下教师工作负担与教学热情的关系研究——基于身心健康的中介作用  

Research on the Relationship between Teachers’Workload and Teaching Enthusiasm under the Background of“Double Reduction”—The Mediating Role of Physical and Mental Health

作　　者：蒋帆 JIANG Fan(Faculty of Education,East China Normal University,Shanghai 200062,China)

机构地区：[1]华东师范大学教育学部,上海200062

出　　处：《湖南师范大学教育科学学报》2024年第1期112-122,F0003,共12页Journal of Educational Science of Hunan Normal University

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目“国家教育体系适应人口结构变化的战略管理研究”[20AGL030];苏州市2022年微监测课题:“双减”政策执行中苏州市中小学教师减负机制研究。

摘　　要：基于2210位教师的截面数据调查,从教育政策执行“自下而上”成效反馈的视角出发,实证检验了“双减”改革背景下教师工作负担对教学热情的影响机制。研究表明:其一,不同性别、年龄、职称、教龄、职务、学科教师的教学热情存在显著差异,在是否担任班主任、学历、户籍地等维度上,教师教学热情无显著差异。其二,较高的工作负担会对教师教学热情产生抑制作用,但不同类型的教师工作负担对教学热情影响有所差异,行政负担显著负向影响教学热情,角色负担显著正向影响教师工作负担,而技术负担对教学热情的直接影响不显著。其三,机制检验表明,心理健康在行政负担和教学热情之间发挥着部分中介作用,身体健康在行政负担和教学热情之间不发挥中介作用,身体健康在角色负担和教学热情间发挥遮掩作用,身体健康在技术负担和教学热情间发挥遮掩作用。为促进“双减”政策深入推进,建议教育行政部门和学校积极消解教师行政负担存量,扩大多元服务供给增量;重视教师身心健康,为教师赋权增能;关注不同类型教师的教学热情差异,精准发力完善评价与激励机制。Based on cross-sectional data from a survey of 2210 teachers,this study empirically examines the impact mechanism of teachers’workload on teaching enthusiasm under the background of the“Double Reduction”reform from a“bottom-up”perspective of educational policy implementation.The research shows that:Firstly,there are significant differences in teaching enthusiasm among teachers of different genders,ages,professional titles,teaching experience,positions and disciplines.However,there is no significant differences in teaching enthusiasm based on factors such as serving as a class teacher,educational background,or household registration.Secondly,a higher workload can have a inhibitory effect on teachers’teaching enthusiasm,but the impact of different types of teachers’workload on teaching enthusiasm varies.Administrative burden significantly negatively affects teaching enthusiasm,role burden significantly positively affects teachers’workload,while technical burden has no significant direct impact on teaching burden.Thirdly,mechanism testing shows that mental health plays a partial mediating role between administrative burden and teaching enthusiasm,while physical health does not play a mediating role between administrative burden and teaching enthusiasm.Additionally,physical health plays a masking role between role burden and teaching enthusiasm,and it also plays a masking role between technical burden and teaching enthusiasm.To promote the implementation of the“Double Reduction”policy,it is recommended that education administrative departments and schools actively eliminate the existing administrative burdens on teachers and expand the increment of diversified service supply;attention should be given to the physical and mental health of teachers to empower and enhance their capabilities;differentiated approaches should also be employed to address variations in teaching enthusiasm among different types of teachers,thereby refining evaluation and incentive mechanisms.

关 键 词：教师健康 教育政策执行 教师减负 教育治理 结构方程模型 工作绩效 

分 类 号：G443[哲学宗教—心理学]