糖类与甜味剂的肠-脑轴效应研究进展及评估方法分析  

Research Progress on the Gut-Brain Axis Effects of Sugars and Sweeteners and Their Evaluation Methods

作　　者：史清照 刘富强 张启东[1] 范武[1] 柴国璧[1] 毛健[1,2] 王焕丽 姬凌波 冯伟华 宗国浩[1] 曹培健 卢鹏[1] 谢剑平[1,2] SHI Qingzhao;LIU Fuqiang;ZHANG Qidong;FAN Wu;CHAI Guobi;MAO Jian;WANG Huanli;JI Lingbo;FENG Weihua;ZONG Guohao;CAO Peijian;LU Peng;XIE Jianping(Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute of CNTC,Zhengzhou 450001,China;Beijing Life Science Academy,Beijing 102299,China)

机构地区：[1]中国烟草总公司郑州烟草研究院,河南郑州450001 [2]北京生命科技研究院,北京102299

出　　处：《食品科学》2024年第9期322-329,共8页Food Science

基　　金：中国工程院战略研究与咨询项目(2022-XY-29)。

摘　　要：尽管甜味剂能够提供类似糖类的风味感受和远高于糖类的甜味强度,但仍旧不能完全替代糖类所带来的满足感,明确该现象的生物学机制对于完善甜味剂的功能评估体系和指导甜味剂的创新发展方向都具有十分重要的意义。本文系统综述了糖类与甜味剂引发的动物行为偏好差异、动物脑区活动差异和肠-脑轴神经激活模式差异3个方面的研究进展,揭示了大脑可以辨别糖和甜味剂,从而产生个体行为偏好差异的深层原因,提出动物行为学、脑区神经活动和关键受体激活能力可用于评估甜味剂肠-脑轴效应,可为甜味剂领域的创新发展提供参考。Sweeteners cannot completely replace the satisfaction provided by sugars,even though they offer a similar flavor perception and much higher sweetness intensity than sugars.Clarifying the biological mechanism of this phenomenon is important to improve the functional evaluation system for sweeteners and promote sweetener innovations.Herein,we review the research progress on the difference in the behavioral preferences of animals,the activity of brain regions and the activation patterns of the gut-brain axis induced by sugars and sweeteners,and we uncover the underlying reason why the brain distinguishes sugars from sweeteners,causing differences in individual behavioral preferences.Moreover,we propose that animal behavior,neural activity in brain regions,and the capacity to activate key receptors can be used to evaluate the gut-brain axis effects of sweeteners,which will provide a reference for innovative developments in the field of sweeteners.

关 键 词：糖类 甜味剂 肠-脑轴 行为学偏好 神经活动 

分 类 号：TS202.3[轻工技术与工程—食品科学]