北京市60岁及以上老年人三餐就餐情况分析  

Analysis on The Consumption of Three Meals Among the Elderly Aged 60 Years and Above in Beijing City

作　　者：黄梨煜[1] 魏潇琪 于博 赵耀 金庆中[1] 喻颖杰[1] 屠瑞莹 张炎[1] 邵兵[1] 沙怡梅[1] HUANG Li-yu;WEI Xiao-qi;YU Bo;ZHAO Yao;JIN Qing-zhong;YU Ying-jie;TU Rui-ying;ZHANG Yan;SHAO Bing;SHA Yi-mei(Beijing Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Beijing 100013,China;National Institute for Nutrition and Health,Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Beijing 100050,China;Beijing Fangshan District Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Beijing 102401,China)

机构地区：[1]北京市疾病预防控制中心,北京100013 [2]中国疾病预防控制中心营养与健康所,北京100050 [3]北京市房山区疾病预防控制中心,北京102401

出　　处：《中国食物与营养》2024年第3期60-68,77,共10页Food and Nutrition in China

摘　　要：目的:了解北京市60岁及以上老年人三餐就餐情况及影响因素。方法:利用2015年中国成人慢性病与营养监测中北京市60岁及以上老年人的数据,分析三餐就餐情况及其影响因素。结果:北京市60岁及以上老年人的每日三餐的比例为77.5%,每日早餐为86.5%,每日午餐为88.1%,每日晚餐为92.4%。60岁及以上老年人早餐、午餐及晚餐最主要食物均来自家庭制作的比例分别为82.1%、81.8%、85.7%。多因素Logistic回归模型分析结果显示,家庭月收入越高、腰围不适宜者、每日身体活动时间≥30 min/d及不饮酒的老年人每日三餐的比例高(均P<0.05);年龄越高早餐来自家庭制作的比例高(P<0.05);家庭月收入越高、高密度脂蛋白不正常者及不饮酒的老年人午餐来自家庭制作的比例高(均P<0.05);不饮酒的老年人晚餐来自家庭制作的比例高(P<0.05)。结论:北京市60岁及以上老年人每日三餐的比例和三餐食物来自家庭制作的比例均较低,急需相关部门开展有针对性的干预,让更多的老年人每日三餐都有保障。【Objective】To investigate the daily consumption of three meals and influencing factors among the elderly aged 60 years and above in Beijing.【Method】The data for the study were obtained from the China National Chronic Disease and Nutrition Surveillance of Adults(2015)to analyze the prevalence of three meals per day and related influencing factors.【Result】The proportion of three meals per day was 77.5%,with breakfast as 86.5%,lunch as 88.1%,and dinner as 92.4%among the elderly aged 60 years and above in Beijing.The main food sources for breakfast,lunch and dinner were home-cooked(82.1%,81.8%and 85.7%)in the elderly aged 60 and above.Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that the elderly with higher household income,unsuitable waist circumference,daily physical activity time≥30min/d and non-drinking had higher proportion of three meals per day(P<0.05).The proportion of home-cooked breakfast was higher with age(P<0.05).The elderly with higher family monthly income,abnormal high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and non-drinking had higher proportion of home-made lunch(P<0.05).The elderly who did not drink had a higher proportion of homecooked dinner(P<0.05).【Conclusion】The proportion of three meals per day and the proportion of food from home preparation were both low in the elderly aged 60 years and above in Beijing city.It is urgent for relevant departments to carry out targeted intervention to ensure that the elderly have a good diet.

关 键 词：三餐 营养 就餐情况 老年人 北京市 

分 类 号：R153.3[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学]