蔡元培的美育思想及其三重逻辑  

Cai Yuanpei’s Thought of Aesthetic Education and Its Three-layer Logic for Personal Development

作　　者：王鑫 鞠玉翠[1] WANG Xin;JU Yucui(Research Institute of School Reform and Development,East China Normal University,Shanghai 200062,China)

机构地区：[1]华东师范大学基础教育改革与发展研究所,上海200062

出　　处：《宁波大学学报（教育科学版）》2024年第3期23-31,共9页Journal of Ningbo University(Educational Science Edition)

基　　金：国家社会科学基金教育学青年课题“五育融合背景下美育以美培元的实践路径探析”(CLA210282);中国教育学会教育科研重点委托课题“减负提质的全面发展育人体系构建”(202300003105WTA)。

摘　　要：蔡元培作为中西美学思想的集大成者,是中国美育事业的先驱。他的美育思想彰显了一种浸润全人生、全范围的“大美育”智慧,蕴含着一种“以美化人”的旨趣,包含三重逻辑:从“个体小我”来看,他提出“情育论”“宁静人生观”等观点,用美育陶冶人的感情和感性能力,促进人的个性和创造力发展,使人的性灵趋向敏锐、活泼;从“群体大我”来看,他提出“津梁说”“五育并举”等主张,将美育当作塑造“健全人格”的基础,用美育涵养人的道德修养,引导人们形成高尚纯洁的价值观、人生观和世界观;从“社会组织”来看,他发出“以美育代宗教”的时代召唤,将美育视为一种启蒙教育,承担创造中国新文化、改造国民性、重振民族精神信仰的重要任务。蔡元培的美育思想蕴藏着诸多超时代智慧,为新时代美育事业提供源源不断的启示与动力。This work is intended to examine the thought of aesthetic education of Cai Yuanpei,a pioneering mastermind of Chinese and Western aesthetic ideas for Chinese aesthetic education involving the entire life and the all-round range of personal development.It explored the logic of the three dimensions:individually,the Emotional Education Theory and the Peaceful Outlook on Life were proposed to emphasize aesthetic education to cultivate people’s emotional and perceptual abilities for discerning and lively spirits;collectively,the Bridge Theory and the Simultaneous Development of Five Educations were advocated in aesthetic education for shaping a sound personality,nobility,pure morality,views on value and life,and worldview;and socially,the Aesthetic Education instead of Religion was called for to view aesthetic education as a discourse of enlightenment responsible for creating new Chinese culture,transforming national character,and revitalizing the spiritual beliefs of the nation.Cai Yuanpeiʼs thought of aesthetic education contains many transcendent reflections,providing a continuous source of inspiration and impetus for the cause of aesthetic education in the new era.

关 键 词：蔡元培 美育 情育论 津梁说 五育并举 以美育代宗教 

分 类 号：G40-02[文化科学—教育学原理]