家长教育焦虑现状及其影响因素分析——基于我国中东部5个省市家庭的调查数据  

Analysis of the Current State of Parental Educational Anxiety and Its Influencing Factors—Based on Survey Data from Households in Five Provinces and Cities in Eastern China

作　　者：尹霞 纪江叶 石莉 钟勤 YIN Xia;JI Jiangye;SHI Li;ZHONG Qin

机构地区：[1]湖北第二师范学院教育科学学院,武汉430205 [2]华中科技大学教育科学研究院,武汉430205 [3]文华学院信息科学与技术学部,武汉430070 [4]武汉黄陂路小学,武汉430014 [5]武汉一元路小学,武汉430014

出　　处：《中华家教》2024年第3期59-71,共13页The Family Education Of China

基　　金：湖北省教育厅哲学社会科学研究项目青年项目“基于班主任社会情感能力提升的培训课程设计研究”(23Q151)阶段性研究成果。

摘　　要：随着教育焦虑的话题不断发酵,众多学者对教育焦虑产生的原因进行了探讨,形成了“社会阶层”“教育资源”“考试评价”“独生子女”“教育期望”等命题观点。本研究通过对3298组家庭教育调查数据进行实证分析发现:(1)家庭经济收入越高,家长教育焦虑越低;家长学历越高,教育焦虑越低;在不同职业类型中,普通工人教育焦虑水平最高。(2)教育资源均衡性在一定程度上影响了家长的教育焦虑水平,已获得优质教育资源的重点学校家长的教育焦虑水平较低,城乡学校家长教育焦虑差异不显著。(3)考试评价制度对家长教育焦虑产生影响,孩子学习成绩好的家长教育焦虑水平较低。(4)独生子女政策及家长教育期望对教育焦虑不产生影响。基于以上结论,在进一步落实“双减”政策中应从深化教育评价改革、均衡学校教育发展、消解教育等级化认知等方面来缓解家长教育焦虑。As educational anxiety becomes an increasingly prominent issue,numerous scholars have investigated its causes,leading to the development of various theories such as social class competition,inequality in educational resources,single examination evaluation system,onechild policy,and high educational expectations.This study conducts an empirical analysis of survey data from 3,298 households,revealing the following findings:(1)Higher family income correlates with lower parental educational anxiety,and higher parental education levels also correlate with lower anxiety.Among different occupational types,ordinary workers exhibit the highest levels of educational anxiety.(2)The balance of educational resources significantly impacts parental educational anxiety;parents whose children attend key schools with high-quality educational resources exhibit lower levels of anxiety,and there is no significant difference in anxiety between parents of children in urban and rural schools.(3)The examination evaluation system influences parental educational anxiety,with parents of children who perform well academically experiencing lower levels of anxiety.(4)The one-child policy and parents'educational expectations do not significantly affect educational anxiety.Based on these findings,further implementation of the"double reduction"policy should focus on alleviating parental educational anxiety by deepening education evaluation reforms,balancing school education development,and dispelling hierarchical perceptions of education.

关 键 词：家长教育焦虑 教育期望 教育资源 考试评价 

分 类 号：G63[文化科学—教育学]