“双减”背景下作业减负增效的实证研究  

Practice Research on Burden Reduction and Efficiency Increment of Homework under the Background of"Double Reduction"Policy

作　　者：王烨晖[1] 秦可心 辛涛[1] WANG Yehui;QIN Kexin;XIN Tao(Beijing Normal University,Beijing 100875,China)

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学,北京100875

出　　处：《中国考试》2024年第7期53-63,共11页journal of China Examinations

基　　金：教育部人文社科规划基金项目“质”与“量”综合视角下的减负之道:基于广义倾向值的因果研究(22YJA880058)。

摘　　要：有效减负需明确和平衡减负与增效的双重要求。作业减负增效的关键是科学控制作业量,减去额外负担,并通过提升作业有效性达到增效的目标。本研究基于2440名初二年级学生数学作业的实证数据,使用广义倾向值分析,探索中学生作业的减负增效途径。研究发现,数学作业时间与数学成绩呈倒U型关系,达到最佳成绩的每日数学作业时间为45分钟。随着学习机会的增加和数学兴趣的提升,学生达到最佳成绩的作业时间阈值呈现提前的趋势。对于学校教学而言,建议统筹管理作业,科学设计作业结构,减少作业总量;同时,建议提升课堂教育教学质量,增加学生获取知识的学习机会,提升数学学习兴趣,从而有效实现减负增效。Clarifying and balancing the dual requirements of"burden reduction"and"efficiency increment"effectively reduces academic burden.The key lies in scientifically controlling the quantity of homework to reduce the extra burden while improving the effectiveness of homework to enhance efficiency.Based on empirical data from 2,440 eighth-grade students,this study used generalized propensity score analysis to explore practical strategies for effective burden reduction.The results revealed an inverted U-shaped relationship between mathematics homework time and mathematics achievement.The optimal duration that maximized mathematics achievement was found to be 45 minutes per day.Moreover,as interest in mathematics and learning opportunities increased,there was a trend towards shorter optimal homework duration.To achieve the dual requirements of"burden reduction"and"efficiency increase",it is recommended to adjust the homework structure by reducing the total amount of homework and improving classroom instruction to foster students'familiarity with mathematical content and their interest in the subject.

关 键 词：“双减”政策 减负增效 数学作业 广义倾向值分析 

分 类 号：G405[文化科学—教育学原理]