基于模糊神经网络的学生科学素养影响机制研究  

Research on the Influence Mechanism of Students’Scientific Literacy Based on Fuzzy Neural Network

作　　者：王晶莹 杜蕾[1] 荣振山 田雪葳 Jingying WANG;Lei DU;Zhenshan RONG;Xuewei TIAN(Faculty of Education,Beijing Normal University,Beijing 100875;Normal College,Qingdao University,Qingdao 266071,Shandong)

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学教育学部,北京100875 [2]青岛大学师范学院,山东青岛266071

出　　处：《中国教育信息化》2024年第6期92-101,共10页Chinese Journal of ICT in Education

基　　金：2020年国家自然科学基金面上项目“学习环境对中学生全球素养的影响机制与循证决策研究:基于机器学习的关联规则挖掘”(编号:72074031)。

摘　　要：科学素养的影响机制对教育策略优化、人才培养质量提升,以及社会科技创新与可持续发展具有深远影响。然而,传统的经典教育统计学方法难以全面揭示这一复杂过程。为突破这一局限,采用先进的模糊神经网络技术,对包含53个国家共计113,314个有效样本的PISA2015数据库进行深度的数据挖掘分析。在特征选择后,识别出十项对学生科学素养提升具有积极影响的因素和一项消极影响因素。结果显示,社会经济发展水平是决定学生科学素养水平的关键因素;家庭教育投入与科学素养水平之间存在最强关联性;学习品质、高阶思维能力及科学本质理解在科学素养发展中起到核心推动作用;而信息技术的应用在影响学生科学学业表现上呈双刃剑效应。基于以上发现,建议教育领域顺应智能时代趋势,利用机器学习进行数据挖掘,推动计算教育学研究范式的转型;优化教育资源分配结构以促进科学素养教育公平;并革新学生培养策略,以实现学生科学素养的高质量发展。The influence mechanisms of scientific literacy play a profound role in optimizing education policies,enhancing the quality of talent cultivation,and fostering scientific and technological innovation and sustainable development of the society.However,conventional classical educational statistical approaches struggle to comprehensively unravel this intricate process.To transcend this limitation,an advanced fuzzy neural network technique was employed to conduct an in-depth data mining analysis on the PISA2015 database encompassing 113,314 valid samples from 53 countries.Following meticulous feature selection,ten positively influential factors and one negatively impactful factor for improving students’scientific literacy were identified.The findings indicate that the level of socio-economic development serves as a critical determinant of students’scientific literacy levels;family investment in education exhibits the strongest correlation with the development of scientific literacy.Moreover,qualities of learning,higher-order thinking skills,and understanding of the nature of science are pivotal drivers in the advancement of scientific literacy.The application of information technology,on the other hand,exerts a double-edged sword effect on students’performance in scientific subjects.Based on these empirical discoveries,it is recommended that the education sector align with the trends of the intelligent era by leveraging machine learning for data mining,thereby driving a paradigm shift in computational educational research.Furthermore,restructuring the allocation of educational resources is advocated to promote equitable access to scientific literacy education.Lastly,reforming student nurturing strategies is essential to realizing the high-quality development of students’scientific literacy.

关 键 词：科学教育 科学素养 PISA2015 模糊神经网络 影响机制 

分 类 号：G434[文化科学—教育学]