马铃薯块茎低温糖化研究进展及展望  

Research Progress and Prospects on Cold-induced Sweetening in Potato Tubers

作　　者：吴超 方小婷 石鑫鑫 周鑫[1] 罗超[1] 达娃卓嘎 郑顺林[1,2] WU Chao;FANG Xiaoting;SHI Xinxin;ZHOU Xin;LUO Chao;DAWA Zhuoga;ZHENG Shunlin(State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China,Sichuan Agricultural University/Crop Ecophysiology and Cultivation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province,Chengdu,Sichuan 611130,China;Key Laboratory of Tuber Crop Genetics and Breeding,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Chengdu Joyson Agricultural Technology Co.,Ltd.,Xindu,Sichuan 610500,China)

机构地区：[1]四川农业大学西南作物基因资源发掘与利用国家重点实验室/作物生理生态及栽培四川省重点实验室,四川成都611130 [2]农业农村部薯类作物遗传育种重点实验室,成都久森农业科技有限公司,四川新都610500

出　　处：《中国马铃薯》2024年第2期168-175,共8页Chinese Potato Journal

基　　金：四川省科技计划育种攻关项目(2021YFYZ0005,2021YFYZ0019);国家现代农业产业技术体系四川薯类创新团队项目(sccxtd-2023-09);四川省自然基金(2022NSFSC0014)。

摘　　要：为减少马铃薯采收后病虫害、块茎萌发等造成的损失,通常将马铃薯置于2~5℃低温环境贮存,但随马铃薯块茎贮存时间推移,葡萄糖、果糖等还原糖积累过多,发生“低温糖化”(Cold-induced sweetening,CIS)。过高含量的还原糖与游离氨基酸在高温油炸过程中发生化学反应,产生褐色、味苦的物质,严重影响马铃薯加工质量。因此,控制马铃薯低温糖化是马铃薯加工产业链高效运转的关键。综述总结前人研究进展,从低温条件下淀粉-糖代谢响应和马铃薯块茎微观结构变化两个方面,解释低温糖化现象成因,概括马铃薯品种、贮藏条件、植物激素因素对低温糖化的影响,并从分子育种和外源施加植物激素两个方面对调控马铃薯低温糖化提出建议及展望。Potato tubers are typically stored at a low temperature of 2-5℃to minimize losses from diseases,insect pests,and sprouting after harvest.However,during the storage period of potato tubers,reducing sugars such as glucose and fructose accumulate too much,resulting in"cold-induced sweetening"(CIS).Excessive levels of reducing sugars and free amino acids react chemically during high-temperature frying to produce brown,bitter substances,which have a significant impact on the processing quality of potatoes.Therefore,the application of effective measures to control cold-induced sweetening in potatoes is the key to the efficient operation of the potato processing industry chain.The previous research progress is outlined,detailing the causes of cold-induced sweetening in relation to starch-sugar metabolism response at low temperatures and alterations in the micro-structure of potato tubers.It also examines the impacts of potato varieties,storage conditions,phytohormones,and other factors on cold-induced sweetening.Furthermore,it provides insights and future directions for mitigating cold-induced sweetening in potatoes through molecular breeding and the utilization of phytohormones from external sources.

关 键 词：马铃薯 低温糖化 淀粉-糖代谢 品种 贮藏条件 植物激素 

分 类 号：S532[农业科学—作物学]