城乡义务教育优质均衡发展政策的演进、逻辑与路向  

The Evolution,Logic and Direction of the High-Quality and Balanced Development Policy of Urban and Rural Compulsory Education

作　　者：杜尚荣[1] DU Shangrong(College of Education,Guizhou Normal University,Guiyang 550025,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州师范大学教育学院,贵州贵阳550025

出　　处：《贵州师范大学学报（社会科学版）》2024年第4期119-128,共10页Journal of Guizhou Normal University(Social Sciences)

基　　金：国家社科基金重点项目“推进我国义务教育均衡发展和城乡一体化研究”(22AZD081)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：城乡义务教育优质均衡发展既有利于促进城乡一体化建设,也有利于实现社会公平与正义的目标。在城乡义务教育优质均衡发展过程中,政策支持是实现教育公平发展目标的“稳定器”,即政策在顶层设计与具体实践中能有效把握义务教育发展方向、诊断义务教育症结和促进义务教育改革。从政策演进来看,义务教育政策经历了从非均衡到基本均衡再到优质均衡三个发展阶段;从政策逻辑来看,义务教育优质均衡政策经历了目标上保底到促优、内容上模糊到清晰以及主体职能上错位到归位的演变过程;从政策的优化路径来看,城乡义务教育政策不仅要打破以往“自上而下”政策顶层设计与“自下而上”政策实践的惯性思维;更需要在多样性政策制定、动态性政策执行与有效性政策评估中夯实其发展基础。The balanced development of urban and rural compulsory education is not only conducive to promoting the integration of urban and rural areas,but also conducive to achieving the goal of social equity and justice.In the process of high-quality and balanced development of urban and rural compulsory education,policy support is the“stabilizer”to achieve the goal of fair development of education,that is,the policy can effectively grasp the development direction of compulsory education,promote the reform of compulsory education and diagnose the crux of compulsory education in the top-level design and concrete practice.From the perspective of policy evolution,compulsory education policy has experienced three stages of development from non-equilibrium to basic equilibrium and then to high-quality equilibrium.From the perspective of policy logic,the high-quality and balanced policy of compulsory education has experienced the evolution process from guaranteeing the bottom to guaranteeing the excellent,from vague to clear in content,and from dislocation to return in subject function.From the perspective of the optimization path of policy,the direction of the policy for high-quality and balanced development of urban and rural compulsory education should break the inertia thinking of the previous"top-down"policy top-level design and“bottom-up”policy practice.It is also necessary to consolidate its development foundation in diversified policy formulation,dynamic policy implementation and effectiveness policy evaluation.

关 键 词：义务教育 优质均衡 政策演进 政策逻辑 城乡一体化 

分 类 号：G40[文化科学—教育学原理] G6[文化科学—教育学]