从知识论到存在论——论海德格尔对黑格尔真理观的批判与“变革”  

From Epistemology to Ontology:On Heidegger’s Critique and“Transformation”of Hegel’s Conception of Truth

作　　者：时家贤[1] 张晶晶 裴雨墨 Shi Jiaxian;Zhang Jingjing;Pei Yumo(School of Marxism,Liaoning University,Shenyang 110136)

机构地区：[1]辽宁大学马克思主义学院,沈阳110036 [2]中国医科大学马克思主义学院

出　　处：《浙江社会科学》2024年第8期112-119,129,159,共10页Zhejiang Social Sciences

基　　金：辽宁省普通本科教育本科教学改革研究项目“‘与经典对话与时代同行’:提升‘马克思主义基本原理’课程适应性的研究与实践”(JG22BSZ022)。

摘　　要：传统西方哲学站在知识论立场,将哲学理解为一种求知活动。代表性人物黑格尔以“理念”为核心,“思辨”为方式,“知识”为样态,建构起了其思辨哲学视域下的知识论真理观。海德格尔对传统西方形而上学的根基进行了批判,试图为真理奠定存在论层面根基。如果说黑格尔面对的问题是真理与对象能否“符合”,海德格尔则认为真理在于作为存在者本身如何去除对“存在”的遮蔽。在海德格尔哲学中,真理(alētheia)并非传统意义上的命题真理,不是符合论的真理,而是存在之真理。达成真理即是要完成对存在本身的领悟,达成存在意义的“显现”——作为澄明的无蔽状态。Traditional Western philosophy,standing on the epistemological standpoint,conceives of philosophy as an activity of seeking knowledge.A representative figure,Hegel,centers his philosophy around the“Idea,”employing“speculation”as its method and“knowledge”as its form,thereby constructing a theory of truth under the speculative philosophical perspective that is grounded in epistemology.Heidegger critiques the foundations of traditional Western metaphysics,endeavoring to lay down an ontological basis for truth.While Hegel’s concern was whether truth can“correspond”with objects,Heidegger posits that truth lies in how beings themselves uncover the veils over“Being.”In Heideggerian philosophy,truth(alētheia)is not propositional truth in the conventional sense,nor is it truth as correspondence;rather,it is truth of Being.To attain truth is to achieve an understanding of Being itself,the“manifestation”of the meaning of existence-a state of unconcealment as clarity.

关 键 词：知识论 存在论 真理观 海德格尔 黑格尔 

分 类 号：B516.54[哲学宗教—外国哲学] B516.35