云南省生食蔬菜中致病菌污染状况及其耐药性与分子特征研究  

Pollution status,drug resistance and molecular characteristics of pathogenic bacteria in raw food vegetables in Yunnan Province

作　　者：汤晓召 陈春燕 杨菁 TANG Xiaozhao;CHEN Chunyan;YANG Jing(Sanitation Test Center of Yunnan Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Yunnan Kunming 650000,China;Leprosy Prevention and Control Division of Kunming Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Yunnan Kunming 650000,China)

机构地区：[1]云南省疾病预防控制中心卫生检验中心,云南昆明650000 [2]昆明市疾病预防控制中心麻风病防治科,云南昆明650000

出　　处：《中国食品卫生杂志》2024年第5期569-576,共8页Chinese Journal of Food Hygiene

基　　金：云南省科技厅重大科技专项计划(2020-2022)。

摘　　要：目的为分析云南省生食蔬菜中沙门菌、单核细胞增生李斯特菌、致泻性大肠埃希菌污染情况及菌株的耐药性和致病性,通过各污染菌的抗生素敏感性特征图谱及全基因组测序数据对菌株进行耐药和致病基因分析。方法采用食品安全国家标准GB 4789.4—2016、GB 4789.30—2016、GB 4789.6—2016对180份生食蔬菜样品中的沙门菌、单核细胞增生李斯特菌、致泻大肠埃希菌进行检测和鉴定;采用肉汤稀释法对分离到的菌株进行药敏测定;同时对菌株进行全基因组测序,基因组序列经组装后通过相应的生物信息学流程进行数据分析。结果180份生食蔬菜中共有12份样品检出了致病菌,包括生菜、香菜、折耳根等。共检出了致病菌13株,其中沙门菌7株,共7种血清型,4株存在多重耐药,耐药表型与耐药基因关联性良好,5株携带有与多重耐药相关的IncHI和IncF型质粒;单核细胞增生李斯特菌4株,1株存在多重耐药,2株携带毒力岛LIPI-3;肠聚集黏附性大肠埃希菌2株,1株存在多重耐药。结论折耳根等具有地域特色的生食蔬菜种类致病菌检出率较高,应该持续关注,部分单核细胞增生李斯特菌菌株因含有更多的毒力基因,而具有更高的致病性;沙门菌和致泻大肠埃希氏菌多重耐药情况较为严重。Objective To analyze Salmonella,Listeria monocytogenes and diarrheagenic Escherichia coli in vegetables in Yunnan Province,the antibiotic susceptibilities and whole genome sequencing(WGS)were determined to characterize the antimicrobial resistance and virulence genotypes of these isolates.Methods Salmonella,Listeria monocytogenes and diarrheagenic Escherichia coli of 180 samples of vegetables that can be eaten raw were isolated and identified by National food safety standard Food GB 4789.4—2016,GB 4789.30—2016,GB 4789.6—2016.The susceptibilities of isolates were determined by broth microdilution.The whole genome of isolates was then sequenced.The corresponding genomes were assembled and further analysis was carried out using appropriate bioinformatics pipelines.Results Twelve of 180 samples of vegetables that can be eaten raw had isolates of pathogenic bacteria from Lactuca sativa,cilantro and Houttuynia cordata Thunb and so on.A total of 13 isolates were detected,including 7 strains of Salmonella which contain 7 serotypes,4 strains of multi-drug resistance(drug resistance phenotype and drug resistance genes were well correlated),5 strains carrying IncHI and IncF plasmids related to multi-drug resistance,4 strains of Listeria monocytogenes which contain 1 strain of multi-drug resistance and 2 strains carrying the virulence island LIPI-3.2 strains of enteroaggregative Escherichia coli in which 1 strain of multi-drug resistance.Conclusion More attention should be paid to vegetables that can be eaten raw with regional characteristics,such as Houttuynia cordata Thunb.Some strains of Listeria monocytogenes can be a potential public health risk due to high harboring rate of virulence genes.It is serious that of multidrug resistance of Salmonella and diarrheagenic Escherichia coli isolated from raw vegetables.

关 键 词：生食蔬菜 沙门菌 单核细胞增生李斯特菌 致泻性大肠埃希菌 抗生素药敏试验 全基因组测序 食源性致病菌 

分 类 号：R155[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学]