Overview of emerging therapies for demyelinating diseases  

作　　者：Robert Medina Ann-Marie Derias Maria Lakdawala Skye Speakman Brandon Lucke-Wold 

机构地区：[1]University of Florida College of Medicine,University of Florida,Gainesville,Fl 32610,United States [2]Department of Neurosurgery,University of Florida,Gainesville,FL 32611,United States

出　　处：《World Journal of Clinical Cases》2024年第30期6361-6373,共13页世界临床病例杂志

基　　金：Robert Medina 0009-0004-1811-6105;Brandon Lucke-Wold,RCID number:0000-0001-6577-4080.

摘　　要：This paper provides an overview of autoimmune disorders of the central nervous system,specifically those caused by demyelination.We explore new research regarding potential therapeutic interventions,particularly those aimed at inducing remyelination.Remyelination is a detailed process,involving many cell types–oligodendrocyte precursor cells(OPCs),astrocytes,and microglia–and both the innate and adaptive immune systems.Our discussion of this process includes the differentiation potential of neural stem cells,the function of adult OPCs,and the impact of molecular mediators on myelin repair.Emerging therapies are also explored,with mechanisms of action including the induction of OPC differentiation,the transplantation of mesenchymal stem cells,and the use of molecular mediators.Further,we discuss current medical advancements in relation to many myelin-related disorders,including multiple sclerosis,optic neuritis,neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder,myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibodyassociated disease,transverse myelitis,and acute disseminated encephalomyelitis.Beyond these emerging systemic therapies,we also introduce the dimethyl fumarate/silk fibroin nerve conduit and its potential role in the treatment of peripheral nerve injuries.Despite these aforementioned scientific advancements,this paper maintains the need for ongoing research to deepen our understanding of demyelinating diseases and advance therapeutic strategies that enhance affected patients’quality of life.

关 键 词：Central nervous system disease AUTOIMMUNE REMYELINATION DEMYELINATION MYELIN OLIGODENDROCYTE Emerging therapies Multiple Sclerosis 

分 类 号：R392[医药卫生—免疫学]