茶叶、袋装茶以及茶粉中15种金属及类金属含量及健康风险评估  

Content of 15 kinds of metal and metalloid in tea,tea bag and tea powder and their health risk assessment

作　　者：吴梅[1] 陈祝军[1] 陈蓉 吴建兵[1] 秦园 沈怡佳 朱楠 张珊 WU Mei;CHEN Zhu-Jun;CHEN Rong;WU Jian-Bing;QIN Yuan;SHEN Yi-Jia;ZHU Nan;ZHANG Shan(Zhangjiagang Centre for Diseases Control and Prevention,Suzhou 215600,China)

机构地区：[1]张家港市疾病预防控制中心,苏州215600

出　　处：《食品安全质量检测学报》2024年第16期98-106,共9页Journal of Food Safety and Quality

基　　金：张家港市科技计划项目(ZKYL2350);张家港市卫生青年科技项目(ZJGQNKJ202342)。

摘　　要：目的研究茶叶、袋装茶以及茶粉的茶汤中Li、Al、Cr、Mn、Fe、Ni、Cu、Zn、As、Se、Mo、Cd、Sb、Ba、Pb 15种金属及类金属含量情况,评估饮用茶汤对人群健康的风险。方法随机抽取不同的茶叶、袋装茶以及茶粉共39份样品,用100℃水冲泡茶叶、袋装茶以及茶粉60min,3种茶汤用电感耦合等离子体质谱法(inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry,ICP-MS)直接测定15种金属及类金属溶出量。运用单项污染评价、内梅罗法综合污染评价,靶标危害系数(target hazard quotient,THQ)和危害指数(hazard index,HI),以及美国环境保护署(U.S.Environmental Protection Agency,US EPA)和国际致癌研究署(International Agency for Research on Cancer,IARC)推荐的健康风险评价模型对3种茶汤进行健康风险评价。结果茶叶、袋装茶以及茶粉3种茶汤中单项污染指数和内梅罗综合污染评价指数均小于0.7,污染等级分别为优良、安全。THQ值和HI值均小于1。HI排名依次是绿茶茶粉>红茶茶粉>乌龙茶粉>绿茶袋装茶>红茶茶叶>乌龙袋装茶>乌龙茶茶叶>绿茶茶叶>红茶袋装茶,HI中占比较大的元素整体上为Al、Mn、Ni、Cu。茶汤中个人健康危害年风险总和为9.01×10^(–6)~3.73×10^(–5)a^(–1),低于USEPA和国际辐射防护委员会(International Commissionon Radiological Protection,ICRP)推荐的最大可接受风险水平。结论茶叶、袋装茶以及茶粉茶汤中15种金属及类金属对暴露人群的健康风险较低。茶叶、袋装茶以及茶粉均处于安全饮用范围。Objective To study the content of 15 kinds of metal and metalloid elements including Li,Al,Cr,Mn,Fe,Ni,Cu,Zn,As,Se,Mo,Cd,Sb,Ba and Pb in tea,tea bag and tea powder,and assess the health risks to the population.Methods A total of 39 samples of different tea,tea bag and tea powder were randomly selected.Tea,tea bag and tea powder were brewed in 100℃water for 60 minutes.Then they were determined the dissolution of 15kinds of metal and metalloid directly by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry.Single pollution assessment,Nemero comprehensive pollution assessment,target hazard quotient(THQ),hazard index(HI),and the health risk assessment model recommended by U.S.Environmental Protection Agency(US EPA)and International Agency for Research on Cancer(IARC)were used to evaluate the health risk of tea soup.Results The single pollution assessment and Nemero comprehensive pollution assessment of tea,tea bag and tea powder were all less than 0.7,and the pollution level were excellent and safe,respectively.The THQ and HI values were both less than 1.The ranking of HI in order was green tea powder>black tea powder>Oolong tea powder>green tea bag>black tea>Oolong tea bag>Oolong tea>green tea>black tea bag.The elements with a large proportion in HI were generally Al,Mn,Ni,Cu.The total annual risk of individual health hazards in tea soup was 9.01×10^(–6)–3.73×10^(–5) a^(–1),which was lower than the maximum acceptable risk level recommended by US EPA and International Commission on Radiological Protection(ICRP).Conclusion The health risks of 15 metals and metalloids in tea,tea bag and tea powder to exposed populations are relatively low.Tea,tea bag,and tea powder are all within the safe drinking range.

关 键 词：茶叶 袋装茶 茶粉 茶汤 金属 健康风险评估 

分 类 号：TS272.7[农业科学—茶叶生产加工] O657.63[轻工技术与工程—农产品加工及贮藏工程]