基于VACCP·TACCP的HACCP体系建立与实施研究  

Research on the Establishment and Implementation of HACCP System Based on VACCP and TACCP

作　　者：杨倩[1,2] 王文枝 杨中[3] 杨超一 李立 刘俊 孙利[1,2] 侯阳 YANG Qian;WANG Wen-zhi;YANG Zhong(Food Safety Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point Applied Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Inspection and Quarantine,Beijing 100176;Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety,State Administration for Market Regulation,Beijing 100176;Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Analysis and Testing Research Institute,Urumqi,Xinjiang 830011)

机构地区：[1]中国检验检疫科学研究院食品安全危害分析与关键控制点(HACCP)应用研究所,北京100176 [2]国家市场监督管理总局重点实验室(食品质量与安全),北京100176 [3]新疆维吾尔自治区分析测试研究院,新疆乌鲁木齐830011 [4]成都海关技术中心,四川成都610041

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2024年第18期151-157,共7页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：中国检科院基本科研业务费项目(2022JK37);国家市场监督管理总局改善科研专项(102150220200000009027);中国检验检疫科学研究院项目(检科2023-2)。

摘　　要：[目的]探究如何在脆弱性评估和关键控制点(VACCP)与威胁评估和关键控制点(TACCP)的基础上,建立和实施一套完善的能解决包括故意污染和蓄意破坏从农田到餐桌的食品生产全过程危害分析与关键控制点体系(HACCP)。[方法]选取20家不同类别的食品生产企业进行对比试验,每家企业建立4种食品安全管理体系,分别为单一HACCP体系,基于VACCP的HACCP体系,基于TACCP的HACCP体系,基于VACCP、TACCP的HACCP体系。针对这4种食品安全管理体系,采用头脑风暴法确定体系评价指标及其权重,采用专家打分和企业管理人员打分的方法,对体系评价指标进行评价,并利用权重计算方法计算每个企业每个体系的评价分数,最后计算平均数。[结果]单一的HACCP体系以预防控制为主,难以解决非传统食品安全问题,打分最低;基于VACCP的HACCP体系可以解决经济利益驱动下的故意污染,基于TACCP的HACCP体系可以解决意识驱动型的蓄意破坏,两者相对于单一HACCP体系都有补充,但是都不全面,打分均高于单一HACCP体系,两者比较,基于VACCP的HACCP体系分数更高一些;基于VACCP、TACCP的HACCP体系打分最高,可以解决全链条的非传统食品安全问题和食品安全问题。[结论]建立与实施基于VACCP和TACCP的HACCP体系可使食品安全管理体系更加完善和有效。[Objective]Explore how to establish and implement a complete set of Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point(HACCP)for the whole process of food production from farmland to dining table that can solve intentional pollution and vandalism on the basis of Vulnerability Assessment and Critical Control Point(VACCP)and Threat Assessment and Critical Control Point(TACCP).[Method]Twenty different types of food production enterprises were selected for comparative experiments.Each enterprise established four kinds of food safety management systems:single HACCP system;HACCP system based on VACCP;HACCP system based on TACCP;HACCP system based on VACCP and TACCP.For these four food safety management systems,the brainstorming method is used to determine the system evaluation indicators and their weights.The expert scoring and enterprise management personnel scoring methods are used to evaluate the system evaluation indicators,and the weight calculation method is used to calculate the evaluation score of each system of each enterprise,and finally calculate the average.[Result]The single HACCP system focuses on prevention and control,which can not solve non-traditional food safety problems,and the score is the lowest;the HACCP system based on VACCP can solve the intentional pollution driven by economic interests,and the HACCP system based on TACCP can solve the intentional destruction driven by consciousness.Both of them are complementary to the single HACCP system,but they are not comprehensive,and the scores are higher than the single HACCP system.Compared with the two,the HACCP system based on VACCP has a higher score;the HACCP system based on VACCP and TACCP has the highest score,which can solve the non-traditional food safety problems and food safety problems of the whole chain.[Conclusion]The establishment and implementation of HACCP system based on VACCP and TACCP can make the food safety management system more perfect and effective.

关 键 词：VACCP TACCP HACCP 故意污染 非传统食品安全问题 

分 类 号：TS207.3[轻工技术与工程—食品科学]