马克思论教育面向生产劳动的四重意蕴  

The Four Implications of Marx's View of Education towards Productive Labor

作　　者：舒志定[1] SHU Zhiding(School of Teacher Education,Huzhou University,Huzhou,Zhejiang,China,313000)

机构地区：[1]湖州师范学院教师教育学院,浙江湖州313000

出　　处：《教育文化论坛》2024年第5期43-54,共12页Tribune of Education Culture

基　　金：2023年度国家社会科学基金教育学一般项目“汇通与分歧:马克思和杜威教育思想比较研究”(BAA230054)。

摘　　要：马克思重视儿童的智育、体育、技术教育,提出教育与生产劳动相结合的论断,这反映出马克思对教育问题的研究与他对生产劳动问题的研究密切相关。但是,不能把马克思关于教育的论述理解成经济学的命题。如果只对马克思的教育论述作出经济学阐释,必定会忽略马克思教育论述中蕴含的革命立场。马克思分析和批判古典经济学家关于劳动创造财富的观点,发现了人的存在秘密,阐述自由是人的类本质,建构了存在论思想方式。马克思对教育面向生产劳动问题的论述具有四重意蕴:一是明确人的存在是教育研究的前提,形成教育研究的存在论思想方式;二是对教育是产生贫困问题根源的观点进行澄清,划清理解教育目的的边界;三是既要倡导综合技术教育,以满足人获得生产生活技能的需要,又要避免教育出现功利化;四是展示未来教育的新形态,实现从理念型教育转向实践型教育。Marx emphasized the intellectual,physical,and technical education of children and proposed the integration of education with productive labor,reflecting his close connection between research on education issues and research on productive labor issues.However,Marx's discourse on education should not be interpreted solely as an economic proposition.Interpreting Marx's educational discourse solely through an economic lens would overlook the revolutionary stance inherent in his educational theories.Marx analyzed and critiqued the classical economists'views on labor creating wealth,revealing the secret of human existence,expounding on freedom as the essence of human nature,and constructing an ontological mode of thought.Marx's discussion on education towards productive labor carries four implications:firstly,it clarifies that the study of education is premised on human existence,forming an ontological mode of thought for educational research;secondly,it clears up misconceptions about education being the root cause of poverty,clarifying the boundaries for understanding educational purposes;thirdly,it advocates for comprehensive technical education to meet the need for individuals to acquire production and life skills while avoiding the commodification of education;and fourthly,it showcases the new form of future education,transitioning from idealistic education to practical education.

关 键 词：马克思教育学说 生产劳动 劳动教育 现实的人 存在论 

分 类 号：G40-015[文化科学—教育学原理]