学做教师:教育实习期间师范生情感劳动的质性研究  

Learn to be a Teacher:A Qualitative Research on Emotional Labor of Student Teachers in Teaching Practicum

作　　者：张佳伟[1] 刘雨青 ZHANG Jiawei;LIU Yuqing(School of Education,Soochow University,Suzhou 215000;Faculty of Education,East China Normal University,Shanghai 200062)

机构地区：[1]苏州大学教育学院,苏州215000 [2]华东师范大学教育学部,上海200062

出　　处：《教育发展研究》2024年第17期75-84,共10页Research in Educational Development

基　　金：苏州大学2023年高等教育教改研究重点项目“跨学科视野下高校‘微专业’建设模式研究”的部分成果。

摘　　要：情感劳动是师范生教育实习期间的重要实践。在一般机制模型中,情感劳动包含情感线索、调节过程、结果。基于情感劳动一般机制模型,运用观察和访谈等研究方法收集实证研究资料,以11位师范生为研究对象,考察师范生情感劳动的实践过程。研究发现,师范生在情感劳动实践中“学做教师”。在动因上,情感劳动实践来源于需要的情感、感受的情感、表现的情感之间的张力。在调节过程上,师范生经历了扮演教师、理解教师、走向教师的情感劳动实践过程,整合了专业的情感面向、内化的情感规范和自然的情感表达;并在情感劳动实践中“整饰情感”,掌握了前情调节策略和反应调节策略。在结果上,师范生对情感劳动实践进行了意义建构,赋予了其推动个人发展、促进学生成长的价值。整体而言,师范生的情感劳动受到了社会文化因素、组织因素、个人因素组成的“关系丛”的影响。Emotional labor is an important practice in student teachers'teaching practicums.In the general mechanism model.,emotional labor contains emotional cues,emotional processes,and outcomes.Drawing on in-depth interviews and observation,this paper aims to investigate the emotional experience of student teachers,construct a theoretical model of student teachers'emotional labor,and clarify the motivation,process and meaning of student teachers'emotional labor in teaching practicum.This paper found that student teachers"learn to be teachers"through the practice of emotional labor.The motivation of student teachers'emotional labor practice originated from the tension between the emotion of need,the emotion of feeling,and the emotion of performance.Student teachers experienced the emotional labor practice process of"acting as a teacher","understanding a teacher",and""walking toward a teacher",integrated professional emotional orientation,internalized emotional norms,and natural emotional expression.In this process,the student teachers mastered the strategies of antecedent-focused emotion regulation and response-focused emotion regulation,to"manage the emotions"in the emotional labor practice.Student teachers have constructed meaning in their emotional labor practices,giving them the value of promoting personal development and student growth.Student teachers"emotional labor is influenced by a"relational cluster"of socio-cultural,organizational and individual factors.

关 键 词：教育实习 师范生 情感劳动 

分 类 号：G651[文化科学—教育学]