情境学习视角下小学生科学课堂参与现状及其影响因素研究——基于9节省部级优课视频的Nvivo分析  

The Current Status and Influencing Factors of Primary School Students’Engagement in Science Classes from the Perspective of Situated Learning——Nvivo Analysis Based on 9 Videos of Excellent Lessons at the Provincia and Ministerial Level

作　　者：高潇怡[1] 任佳妮 Gao Xiaoyi;Ren Jiani(Faculty of Education,Beijing Normal University,Beijing 100875,China)

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学教育学部,北京100875

出　　处：《教育科学》2024年第4期44-52,共9页Education Science

基　　金：北京市教育科学“十四五”规划2024年度优先关注课题“北京市中小学科学实验教学现状、问题与改进措施研究”(项目编号:CEDA24009)。

摘　　要：科学课堂中的学生参与是学生理解科学概念、建构科学经验、开展科学实践的重要前提。本研究基于情境学习理论和科学学科特点,生成小学生科学课堂参与的分析框架,采用混合方法对9节小学科学课视频进行分析。研究表明,学生行为参与类型多样,集体沉默现象值得关注;课堂听讲和被动应答频次较高,提问等行为呈现次数极少;理解性回应频次最高但时长短;创造性回应和总结反思性回应明显不足,且在课堂中较晚出现;小学生科学课堂参与状况存在学段差异。进一步分析发现,问题和互动情境、教师的提问和理答策略、学生感知到的认知责任是影响小学生科学课堂参与的重要因素。基于上述发现,提出了促进小学生科学课堂参与的建议。Students'engagement in science classes is an important prerequisite for them to understand scientific concepts,construct scientific experience,and carry out scientific practice.Based on the situated learning theory and the characteristics of the science discipline,this study generates an analytical framework for primary school students'engagement in science classes and uses a mixed method to analyze 9 primary school science class videos.The results showed that the types of student behavior engagement are diverse,and the phenomenon of collective silence deserves attention;the frequency of listening and passive response was high,and the behavior of questioning was rarely shown;the frequency of understanding responses is the highest but the duration is short;creative responses and summarizing reflective responses are obviously insufficient and appear later in the classroom;there are differences in the engagement of primary school students in science classes in different stages.Further analysis found that problems and interactive situations,teachers'questioning and answering strategies,and students'perceived cognitive responsibility are important factors affecting primary school students'engagement in science classes.Based on the above findings,teaching strategies to promote students'engagement in science classrooms were proposed.

关 键 词：学生课堂参与 科学课堂 师生互动 情境学习理论 

分 类 号：G623.6[文化科学—教育学]