癸卯学制中的“教员”称谓探微  

Research on the Title of " Jiaoyuan " in the Gui-mao Educational System

作　　者：黄启兵[1] 丁汶萍 HUANG Qibing;DING Wenping(School of Education,Soochow University,Suzhou Jiangsu 215123,China)

机构地区：[1]苏州大学教育学院,江苏苏州215123

出　　处：《北京教育学院学报》2024年第6期48-52,共5页Journal of Beijing Institute of Education

基　　金：国家社科基金一般项目“大学教师生命时间结构研究”(BIA200163)。

摘　　要：癸卯学制里对于教育工作者多称为“教员”,这不同于中国传统的“师”,不同于壬寅学制中的“教习”,也不同于现在的称呼“教师”。这一称谓从晚清癸卯学制颁布之后,经历整个民国时期,一直延续到新中国建立初期。癸卯学制大多将教育工作者称之为“教员”至少有三个原因:一是当时社会对“师”角色定位固有观念的影响;二是日本学制的影响;三是张之洞等人希望以此加强对教育工作者的管理。In the Gui-mao educational system,educators were called"jiaoyuan",different from the traditional Chinese term"shi",or the term"jiaoxi"in the Ren-yin educational system,or the current term"jiaoshi"(teacher).The title of"jiaoyuan"has been used since the promulgation of the Gui-mao educational system in 1904,and then in the Republic of China,even in the early period the People′s Republic of China.There are at least three reasons for this title:first,it was the influence of then social stereotypes of the role of"shi";second,it was the influence of Japan′s educational system;third,Zhang Zhidong(1837—1909)and other educational governors in the late Qing Dynasty hoped to strengthen manages over educators.

关 键 词：癸卯学制 教员 教习 教师称谓 

分 类 号：G529[文化科学—教育学]