范式迭代:高等工程教育横贯能力培养  

Paradigm Shifts:Developing Transversal Competencies in Higher Engineer⁃ing Education

作　　者：李志义[1] 潘超[1] LI Zhiyi;PAN Chao

机构地区：[1]大连理工大学,辽宁大连116000

出　　处：《高教发展与评估》2024年第6期99-107,I0007,共10页Higher Education Development and Evaluation

摘　　要：高等工程教育经历了从技术范式向科学范式、再向工程范式迭代发展的过程。工程范式的纵深发展,使得横贯能力成为高等工程教育的新旨向。从批判和创新思维、人际交往能力、自我认知能力、全球公民意识和媒体信息素养等维度介绍横贯能力内涵及框架;从范式迭代和能力重构两方面分析范式迭代下高等工程教育人才培养的转进之路;从培养目标、课程设置、学业评价和实践教学等方面分析新范式下高等工程教育横贯能力培养困境;从重塑培养目标、改革课程设置、开发评价体系、拓展情境性空间等方面分析新范式下高等工程教育横贯能力培养路径。Higher engineering education has undergone a transition from a technical paradigm to a scientif⁃ic paradigm,and then to an engineering paradigm.The in-depth development of the engineering paradigm has made transversal competencies a new direction for higher engineering education.In this paper,the connotation and framework of transversal competencies are introduced from dimensions of critical and innovative thinking,interpersonal skills,self-awareness,global citizenship,and media and information literacy.From the aspects of paradigm iteration and competence reconstruction,the pathway for the transformation in talent cultivation under the paradigm shift in higher engineering education is analyzed.The challenges in cultivating transversal compe⁃tencies in the new paradigm of higher engineering education are examined from perspectives of educational goals,curriculum design,academic assessment,and practical teaching.The pathways for cultivating transversal competencies in higher engineering education under the new paradigm are analyzed by reshaping educational objectives,reforming curriculum settings,developing assessment systems,and expanding contextual spaces.

关 键 词：高等工程教育 横贯能力 人才培养 学业评价 课程设置 实践教学 

分 类 号：G642[文化科学—高等教育学]