2021—2023年湖北省毒蘑菇中毒流行病学特征分析  

Analysis of epidemiological characteristics of poisonous mushroom poisoning in Hubei Province from 2021 to 2023

作　　者：欧阳英英[1] 龚晨睿[1] 戴诗玙 张琴 李菁菁[1] 张弛[1] 刘爽[1] OUYANG Yingying;GONG Chenrui;DAI Shiyu;ZHANG Qin;LI Jingjing;ZHANG Chi;LIU Shuang(Hubei Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention,HubeiWuhan430079,China)

机构地区：[1]湖北省疾病预防控制中心,湖北武汉430079

出　　处：《中国食品卫生杂志》2024年第8期951-954,共4页Chinese Journal of Food Hygiene

摘　　要：目的 分析湖北省毒蘑菇中毒流行病学特征,为毒蘑菇中毒防控提供科学依据。方法 对2021—2023年湖北省营养与食品卫生信息管理平台食源性疾病监测子系统报告的毒蘑菇中毒事件的流行病学特征进行分析。结果 2021—2023年湖北省共计上报毒蘑菇中毒事件数134起,发病人数384人,死亡6人,病死率为1.56%。2023年上报事件数和发病人数最多,分别占总数的53.73%和55.73%。事件主要发生在7~9月份;宜昌市和武汉市是毒蘑菇中毒高发地区;家庭是毒蘑菇中毒主要发生场所(95.52%,128/134),农村家庭高于城市家庭,且死亡主要发生在农村家庭。49.25%的毒蘑菇中毒明确了毒蘑菇种类,有4起事件有明确的毒蘑菇毒素检测结果。结论 毒蘑菇中毒是引发湖北省食源性疾病暴发事件及死亡的主要原因,关口前移,采用适宜方式在毒蘑菇中毒来临之前对重点地区和人群进行科普宣传,不采不买不食野生蘑菇,同时加强毒蘑菇采样、鉴定及监测,为医院救治提供科学建议。Objective To analyze the epidemic characteristics of mushroom poisoning in Hubei Province,and provide scientific basis for the prevention and control of mushroom poisoning.Methods Analyze the epidemiological characteristics of mushroom poisoning incidents reported by the foodborne disease monitoring subsystem of the Hubei Provincial Nutrition and Food Hygiene Information Management Platform from 2021 to 2023.Results A total of 134 incidents of mushroom poisoning were reported in Hubei Province,with 384 cases and 6 deaths,resulting in a mortality rate of 1.56%.In 2023,the number of reported events and the number of cases were the highest,accounting for 53.73%and 55.73%of the total,respectively.The event mainly occurred from July to September;Yichang City and Wuhan City are high-risk areas for mushroom poisoning;Families are the main place of occurrence of mushroom poisoning(95.52%,128/134),with rural households having a higher number of incidents than urban households,and deaths mainly occurring in rural households.49.25%of cases of mushroom poisoning identified the type of mushroom,and there were 4 incidents with clear results of mushroom toxin testing.Conclusion Toxic mushroom poisoning is the main cause of foodborne disease outbreaks and deaths in Hubei Province.Measures should be taken to shift the focus forward,and appropriate methods should be adopted to promote science in key areas and populations before the high incidence season of toxic mushroom poisoning arrives.Wild mushrooms should be avoided,and sampling and identification of toxic mushrooms should be strengthened to provide scientific suggestions for hospital treatment.

关 键 词：毒蘑菇中毒 流行病学特征 湖北 食物中毒 

分 类 号：R155[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学]