“双减”背景下中小学教师的多维负担与减负增能  

The Multidimensional Burden and Capacity Enhancement of Primary and Secondary School Teachers Against the Background of“Double Reduction”

作　　者：魏红梅[1] 丁雨亭 杨嘉欣 WEI Hongmei;DING Yuting;YANG Jiaxin(Sichuan Provincial Education Development Research Center,Xihua Normal University,Nanchong 637000,Sichuan,China;College of Education,Xihua Normal University,Nanchong 637000,Sichuan,China)

机构地区：[1]西华师范大学四川省教育发展研究中心,四川南充637000 [2]西华师范大学教育学院,四川南充637000

出　　处：《咸阳师范学院学报》2024年第6期87-93,共7页Journal of Xianyang Normal University

基　　金：四川省哲学社会科学基金项目(SCJJ23ND331)。

摘　　要：“双减”政策落实的根本在于充分发挥学校育人主阵地的作用,而在学校组织中,教师群体作为教育改革的直接参与者,起关键作用。经调查发现,伴随政策的深入推进,教师群体负担显著增加,表现在:工作量与工作时间无限延长、课堂教学和学生作业设计难度加大、教师评价标准和模式单一,严重影响了教师群体的发展。而诱发这些负担的是教育教学改革的不确定性、学校管理体制机制的固化、学生家长需求的多样性和教师角色能力的多重性等多源因素。因此,为实现教师的减负增能,需在“赋权”与“增能”上双向发力:赋权学校,给予和扩大学校在学校管理和教师聘请等方面的权限;赋权教师,保障教师参与学校管理与决策、专业自主和自我发展等方面的权力;增能教师,激发创造力、增强教学力和提升沟通力。The root of the implementation of the“double reduction”policy is to give full play to the role of schools as the main battlefront of education.In school organizations,teachers play a key role as direct participants and promoters of education reform.The investigation found that with the deepening of the“double reduction”policy,the burden on teachers has increased significantly,which is manifested in:infinite extension of workload and working hours,increased difficulty in classroom teaching and students’homework design,single teacher evaluation standards and models,and non-standard.Too much involvement in teaching work has seriously affected the teachers’sense of happiness,identity and gain.What causes these workloads are the“uncertainty”of education and teaching reforms,the“solidification”of school management systems and mechanisms,the“diversification”of parents’needs,and the multiplicity of teacher role abilities.Therefore,in order to improve teachers’enthusiasm and reduce their burden,it is necessary to make two-way efforts in“empowerment”and“strengthening”:empowering schools,grant and expanding their autonomy in school management authority and teacher recruitment,and creating a good working environment for teachers;empowering teachers to ensure teachers’participation in school management and decision-making,professional autonomy,and self-development.Power enables teachers to return to education themselves;to enhance teacher effectiveness,to stimulate teacher creativity to meet diverse needs,to enhance teachers’teaching ability to create high-quality classrooms,and improve teachers’communication skills to establish a good school-home collaborative relationship.

关 键 词：教师负担 赋权增能 减负增效 

分 类 号：G434[文化科学—教育学]