干燥方式对山楂总黄酮含量及抗氧化性质的影响  

Effects of Different Drying Methods on Total Flavonoids Content and Antioxidant Activity of Hawthorn

作　　者：娄世豪 孙小晶 李丹丹[1,2] 赵晨晨 修建华 LOU Shihao;SUN Xiaojing;LI Dandan;ZHAO Chenchen;XIU Jianhua(College of Food and Biology,Hebei University of Science and Technology,Shijiazhuang 050000,China;Hebei Hawthorn Industrial Technology Research Institute,Chengde 067000,China;Hebei Hawthorn Processing Technology Innovation Center,Chengde 067000,China)

机构地区：[1]河北科技大学食品与生物学院,河北石家庄050000 [2]河北省山楂产业技术研究院,河北承德067000 [3]河北省山楂加工技术创新中心,河北承德067000

出　　处：《食品工业科技》2025年第1期121-129,共9页Science and Technology of Food Industry

摘　　要：本研究采用热风干燥、真空冷冻干燥及热风联合液氮干燥对山楂进行处理,利用亚硝酸钠-硝酸铝-氢氧化钠显色法、高效液相色谱法和自由基清除能力实验研究不同干燥方式对山楂粉样品的总黄酮得率、总黄酮组分和含量及抗氧化活性的影响。结果表明,热风干燥、真空冷冻干燥和热风联合液氮干燥的山楂粉样品色差值分别为20.60、17.70、20.05;山楂总黄酮得率分别为64.59、71.48、60.77 mg/g;对DPPH自由基清除率分别是19.56%、30.14%、18.50%;对ABTS+自由基清除率分别是51.81%、75.08%、48.68%;以及对羟自由基清除率分别是48.98%、55.77%、36.04%;真空冷冻干燥处理的山楂粉样品中总黄酮得率较高,具有较强的抗氧化活性,且与其它样品具有显著性差异(P<0.05);同时高效液相色谱对山楂总黄酮进行定性和定量分析结果表明,三种干燥方式得到的黄酮类物质均包含芦丁、金丝桃苷、杨梅素、槲皮素、芹菜素、异鼠李素,但其含量不同,真空冷冻干燥样品中总黄酮总含量达到了308.65 mg/g,与其他样品具有显著性差异(P<0.05)。除此以外,三种抗氧化方式和六种组分含量之间也存在线性关系。综上考虑,真空冷冻干燥处理山楂,是提取山楂总黄酮的推荐方法,可以有效减少对山楂的总黄酮含量及抗氧化活性的影响。To explore the effect of different drying methods on total flavonoids components and content and antioxidant activity of hawthorn,three drying techniques were selected including hot air drying,vacuum freeze drying and hot air combined liquid nitrogen drying.The total flavonoids yield,total flavonoids fraction and content of hawthorn powder samples were determined using sodium nitrite-aluminum nitrate-sodium hydroxide colorimetric method and high�performance liquid chromatography(HPLC).The antioxidant capacity of each sample was assessed using the free radical scavenging ability experiment.The results showed that the color difference values of hawthorn powder samples dried by hot air drying,vacuum freeze drying and hot air combined liquid nitrogen drying were 20.60,17.70 and 20.05,respectively.The yields of hawthorn total flavonoids were 64.59,71.48 and 60.77 mg/g,respectively.The scavenging ability against DPPH radical was 19.56%,30.14%,and 18.50%,respectively.The free radical scavenging rates for ABTS+were 51.81%,75.08%,and 48.68%,respectively.And the hydroxyl radical scavenging rates were 48.98%,55.77%,and 36.04%,respectively.The total flavonoids yield and antioxidant activity were the highest in the vacuum freeze dried hawthorn powder samples,which were significantly different from those extracted by other drying methods(P<0.05).The qualitative and quantitative analysis of total flavonoids of hawthorn by high performance liquid chromatography showed that the total flavonoids obtained by the three methods contained rutin,hyperoside,myricetin,quercetin,apigenin,isorhamnetin,but their contents were different,and the total flavonoids content of the vacuum freeze dried samples was the highest,reaching 308.65 mg/g,which was significantly different from that of the other samples(P<0.05).In addition to this,there was also a linear relationship between the three antioxidant modes and the content of the six components.In conclusion,vacuum freeze drying treatment of hawthorn is a recommended method for extracting total

关 键 词：山楂 总黄酮 干燥方式 抗氧化活性 扫描电镜 高效液相色谱 

分 类 号：TS210.1[轻工技术与工程—粮食、油脂及植物蛋白工程]