基于GC-MS的普洱生茶香气成分产地溯源  

Origin Tracing of Aroma Components of Pu'er Raw Tea Based on GC-MS

作　　者：王宇童 唐卿雁 邵金良[1] 林奇 杜丽娟[1] WANG Yutong;TANG Qingyan;SHAO Jinliang;LIN Qi;DU Lijuan(Institute of Agriculture Quality Standards&Testing Technique,Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Science,Kunming 650223,China;Faculty of Food Science and Technology,Yunnan Agricultural University,Kunming 650500,China)

机构地区：[1]云南省农业科学院质量标准与检测技术研究所,云南昆明650205 [2]云南农业大学食品科学技术学院,云南昆明650500

出　　处：《茶叶通讯》2024年第4期496-507,共12页Journal of Tea Communication

基　　金：云南省重大科技专项(202202AE090029);云南省庞国芳院士工作站项目(202305AF150015)。

摘　　要：为探究茶叶中挥发性成分普洱生茶小尺度空间下产地溯源的有效性与可行性,分别测定云南省3个地级市(自治州)5个不同产茶县(区)30份普洱生茶样品中的香气成分,结合正交偏最小二乘判别分析(OPLS-DA)、判别分析、神经网络-多层感知器分类方法,构建普洱生茶小尺度空间下的产地溯源模型。结果表明,普洱生茶茶样中69个挥发性化合物包括醇类21个、醛类12个、酮类15个、酯类8个、酸3个、萜3个、烯烃2个、其他5个,OPLS-DA不能很好地区分不同产地茶样;通过Fisher判别分析构建的产地判别函数模型初始判别正确率为100.0%,交叉验证正确率为93.3%。通过神经网络-多层次感知器分类模型对不同产地茶样进行判别的初始判别和交叉验证正确率均达100%。普洱生茶中稳定同位素比值、矿物元素与有机成分受环境因素的影响,在不同的产地形成各自的指纹特征,可用于建立普洱茶产地溯源模型。试验结果可为普洱生茶在小尺度空间的产地追溯提供一定的理论依据。In order to explore the validity and feasibility of origin tracing of volatile components in Pu'er raw tea in small-scale space,the aroma components in 30 Pu'er raw tea samples from five different tea producing counties in three prefecture-level cities in Yunnan were determined.The origin tracing model of Pu'er raw tea in small-scale space was constructed by combining orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis(OPLS-DA),discriminant analysis,neural network and multi-layer perceptron-classification methods.The results showed that there were 69 volatile compounds in Pu'er raw tea samples,including 21 alcohols,12 aldehydes,15 ketones,8 esters,3 acids,3 terpenes,2 olefins and 5 others.OPLS-DA could not distinguish the tea samples from different places well.The initial discriminant accuracy of the origin discriminant function model constructed by Fisher discriminant analysis is 100.0%,and the cross-validation accuracy is 93.3%.The accuracy of the initial identification and cross-verification of tea samples from different places of production reached 100%through neural network multi-level perceptron classification model.The stable isotope ratio,mineral elements and organic components in Pu'er raw tea were affected by environmental factors,and formed their own fingerprint characteristics in different regions,which can be used to establish the origin tracing model of Pu'er tea.The experimental results can provide a certain theoretical basis for the origin tracing of Pu'er raw tea in small-scale space.

关 键 词：普洱生茶 挥发性成分 产地判别 产地溯源 香气成分 

分 类 号：S571.1[农业科学—茶叶生产加工] TS272.7[农业科学—作物学] O657.63[轻工技术与工程—农产品加工及贮藏工程]