核桃仁及其粕中油脂提取工艺优化及品质分析  

Optimization of extraction process and quality analysis of oil from walnut kernel and its meal

作　　者：王国王 祁岩龙[3] 杨忠强[2] 孙俪娜 尼格尔热依·亚迪卡尔 木丽得尔·叶尔肯 WANG Guo-wang;QI Yan-long;YANG Zhong-qiang;SUN Li-na;NIGARY-Yadikar;MULITEL-Yerken(College of Food Science and Pharmacy,Xinjiang Agricultural University,Urumqi 830052,Xinjiang,China;Institute of Agricultural Mechanization,Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Urumqi 830091,Xinjiang,China;Institute of Agricultural Products Storage and Processing,Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Urumqi 830091,Xinjiang,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆农业大学食品科学与药学学院,新疆乌鲁木齐830052 [2]新疆农业科学院农业机械化研究所,新疆乌鲁木齐830091 [3]新疆农业科学院农产品贮藏加工研究所,新疆乌鲁木齐830091

出　　处：《粮食与油脂》2025年第2期86-92,共7页Cereals & Oils

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2022YFD1000104、2022YFD1000104-02);新疆维吾尔自治区重点研发计划(2022B02048);中央财政林草科技推广示范项目(新[2023]TG19号)。

摘　　要：在单因素试验的基础上,采用响应面法优化液压冷榨提取核桃仁中核桃油的工艺,并采用单因素试验进一步优化超临界CO_(2)萃取核桃粕中核桃油的工艺。比较分析了液压冷榨未脱种衣核桃仁(DPM)、液压冷榨脱种衣核桃仁(QPM)、超临界CO_(2)萃取脱种衣核桃粕(QPC)制取的核桃油品质。结果表明:液压冷榨最佳工艺条件为压榨压力50.0 MPa、压榨时间120 min、进料量10.0 kg,在此条件下核桃油出油率为61.53%±0.15%;超临界CO_(2)萃取的最佳工艺为萃取温度45.0℃、萃取时间5.0 h、萃取压力30.0 MPa,在此条件下核桃油萃取率为33.33%±0.25%。对比分析可知,3种处理条件下的核桃油品质均符合国家标准;不饱和脂肪酸含量均超过90%。On the basis of single factor experiments,the response surface methodology was used to optimize the process of hydraulic cold pressing for preparing walnut oil.The extraction process of walnut oil from walnut meal by supercritical CO_(2)extraction was further optimized through single factor experiments.The quality of walnut oil produced by hydraulic cold pressing from coated walnut kernels(DPM),hydraulic cold pressing from uncoated walnut kernels(QPM),and supercritical CO_(2)extracting from uncoated walnut meal(QPC)were compared and analyzed.The results showed that the optimal process for hydraulic cold pressing was pressing pressure 50.0 MPa,pressing time 120 min,and feed rate 10.0 kg.Under the conditions,the yield of walnut oil was 61.53%±0.15%.The optimal supercritical CO_(2)extraction process was extraction temperature 45.0℃,extraction time 5.0 h,and extraction pressure 30.0 MPa.Under the conditions,the extraction rate of walnut oil was 33.33%±0.25%.Comparative analysis showed that the quality of walnut oil under all three treatment conditions met national standards,and their unsaturated fatty acid contents were more than 90%.

关 键 词：核桃油 液压冷榨 超临界CO_(2)萃取 品质 脂肪酸组成 

分 类 号：TS225.1[轻工技术与工程—粮食、油脂及植物蛋白工程]