教育强国背景下本科及以上职业教育发展逻辑、困境和路径  

The Development Logic,Challenges and Pathways for Vocational Education at the Undergraduate Level and Above in the Context of Building a Powerful Educational Country

作　　者：高明[1] 连心 Gao Ming;Lian Xin(Higher Education Institute of Liaoning University,Shenyang 110136)

机构地区：[1]辽宁大学高等教育研究所,沈阳110136

出　　处：《职业技术教育》2025年第4期27-33,共7页Vocational and Technical Education

基　　金：国家社会科学基金“十三五”规划2020年度教育学一般课题“类型教育视野下我国高层次应用型人才培养模式变革研究”(BJA200106),主持人:高明。

摘　　要：职业教育在教育强国建设的新征程中,肩负着技能人才培养的重任。本科及以上职业教育是现代职业教育体系的顶端和职业教育的神经中枢,也是教育强国建设的制高点之一。发展本科及以上职业教育是深入贯彻落实全国教育大会精神,构建职普融通、产教融合的职业教育体系和大力培养大国工匠、能工巧匠、高技能人才的应然之举,也是深入实施制造强国战略、满足经济高质量发展对人才的新要求和适应高等教育结构战略性调整的必然要求,但在学位授予、实施主体、高质量发展和职业资格衔接等方面面临现实困境。为此,应通过完善学位体系、凝聚优质资源、发展学位学徒制、优化规模结构和加强一体设计,为本科及以上职业教育发展提供保障力、锻造科技支撑力、凝聚协同力、激发人才竞争力和增强民生福祉。In the new journey of building a powerful education country,vocational education shoulders the task of training skilled personnel.Vocational education at undergraduate level and above is the top of modern vocational education system,and is also one of the commanding heights of the construction of a powerful education country.Developing vocational education at the undergraduate level and above is a natural step to fully implement the spirit of the National Education Conference,build the vocational education system that integrates vocational and general education as well as production and education,and vigorously train craftsmen,skilled craftsmen and highly skilled talents.It is also a necessary step to further implement the strategy of making China a strong country by manufacturing,meet the new requirements of high-quality economic development for talents,and adapt to the strategic adjustment of the structure of higher education.However,there are difficulties in degree awarding,implementation subjects,high-quality development and vocational qualification connection.It is suggested that through improving the degree system,pooling high-quality resources,developing degree apprenticeships,optimizing the scale and structure and strengthening integrated design,the development of undergraduate and above vocational education can provide support,forge scientific and technological support,gather synergy,stimulate talents competitiveness and enhance people's well-being.

关 键 词：教育强国 职业教育体系 本科职业教育 专业硕士 专业博士 

分 类 号：G719.2[文化科学—职业技术教育学]