广东省居民主要膳食脱氢乙酸暴露风险初步评估  

Preliminary assessment of dehydroacetic acid exposure risks in the diets of Guangdong province residents

作　　者：宋美英 汪廷彩 廖晓珊 林琳 蒋美娟 陈希 周露 雷毅 SONG Meiying;WANG Tingcai;LIAO Xiaoshan;LIN Lin;JIANG Meijuan;CHEN Xi;ZHOU Lu;LEI Yi(Guangdong Institute of Food Inspection,Guangzhou 510000)

机构地区：[1]广东省食品检验所,广州510000

出　　处：《中国食品添加剂》2025年第3期190-197,共8页China Food Additives

基　　金：广东省市场监督管理局科技创新项目(2023ZS05)。

摘　　要：为了解食品中脱氢乙酸的含量及其在居民膳食中的暴露水平,对2022年广东省抽检监测的18类156752批次食品中脱氢乙酸进行检测,应用点评估法和安全限值法对居民膳食中脱氢乙酸的暴露风险进行评估。结果显示面及其制品不合格率最高为1.16%,其次为米及其制品的不合格率为0.81%。米及其制品对居民膳食脱氢乙酸暴露风险贡献率最大,其P97.5,P99百分位脱氢乙酸安全限值超过可接受限度;乡镇居民膳食米及其制品中脱氢乙酸的暴露风险比城市居民高,3~6岁儿童暴露风险比7~17岁青少年高。米及其制品是脱氢乙酸膳食暴露的主要来源,尤其是湿粉。即将实施的2024版食品添加剂使用标准规定湿粉中不允许使用脱氢乙酸及其他防腐剂,很好地解决了湿粉脱氢乙酸膳食暴露的风险,但要警惕为延长湿粉保质期使用其他防腐剂的风险。To assess the levels of dehydroacetic acid in food and its exposure levels in residents' diets,a total of 156,752 batches of 18 types of food were tested for dehydroacetic acid in Guangdong Province in 2022.The exposure risks of dehydroacetic acid in residents' diets were evaluated using both the descriptive evaluation method and the safety limit method.Results indicated that the highest non-compliance rate was observed in grain and its products at 1.16%,followed by rice and its products at a non-compliance rate of 0.81%.Rice and its products were found to contribute the most significantly to the exposure risk of dehydroacetic acid in residents' diets.The P97.5 and P99 percentile values for dehydroacetic acid exceeded the acceptable safety limits.The exposure risk for residents in rural areas was noted to be higher than that for urban residents,with children aged 3 to 6 years facing a higher risk of exposure than adolescents aged 7 to 17 years.Rice and its products emerged as the primary source of dietary exposure to dehydroacetic acid,particularly wet rice noodle.Notably,the upcoming 2024 edition of China's food additive usage standard prohibits the use of dehydroacetic acid and other preservatives in wet rice powder,effectively addressing the risk of dehydroacetic acid exposure.However,caution is warranted regarding the potential use of other preservatives to extend the shelf life of wet flour.

关 键 词：食品安全 脱氢乙酸 暴露评估 湿粉 

分 类 号：TS202.3[轻工技术与工程—食品科学]