考虑自动编组的混合公交系统行车计划优化  

Optimization of scheduling for mixed transit system with modular autonomous bus

作　　者：赵小梅[1] 周绪成 刘云栋 谢东繁[1] ZHAO Xiaomei;ZHOU Xucheng;LIU Yundong;XIE Dongfan(School of Systems Science,Beijing Jiaotong University,Beijing 100044,China)

机构地区：[1]北京交通大学系统科学学院,北京100044

出　　处：《系统工程理论与实践》2025年第2期651-665,共15页Systems Engineering-Theory & Practice

基　　金：北京交通大学人才基金项目(YC24XKRC00010);国家自然科学基金(72288101)。

摘　　要：为解决可编组自动驾驶公交和传统电动公交混合运营下的行车计划问题,本文考虑二者的功能和成本差异,结合跨线调度和分段充电策略构建混合公交系统行车计划优化模型.模型以两类公交的运行成本、空驶成本、购置成本以及充电成本最小化为目标,决策场站车队规模及车辆的车次链.针对该整数非线性规划模型,本文设计“初始解生成与列生成框架”的两阶段求解算法,并选取北京市某场站四条运营线路进行案例分析.结果表明:与单线调度的公交系统相比,跨线调度策略能够提高7.2%的车辆利用率,降低23.3%的运行成本和21.93%的购置成本.相比于多车型的传统电动公交系统,可编组自动驾驶公交的引入使得编组单元的平均使用次数达到3.58次,系统的平均车辆使用次数增加0.53次,有效提高车辆使用率.为混合公交系统下多线路公交行车计划提供优化建议.In order to solve the scheduling problem of the mixed transit system with modular autonomous bus and traditional electric bus,this paper considers the functional and cost differences of the two kinds of buses,and combines cross-line scheduling and segmented charging strategy to construct a scheduling optimization model.The model minimized the operation cost,empty driving cost,purchasing cost and charging cost,and decides the fleet size of the mixed transit system and the tripd chain of each type of buses.For the proposed integer nonlinear programming model,this paper designs a two-stage solution algorithm based on the“initial solution generation and column generation framework”,and selects four operating lines in a station in Beijing for case study.The results show that compared with the bus system with single line scheduling,the application of cross-line scheduling strategy can improve the bus utilization rate by 7.2%,and reduce the operation cost by 23.3%and the purchase cost by 21.93%.Compared with the traditional electric bus system with multiple models,the introduction of modular autonomous bus makes the average number of uses of each grouping unit reach 3.58 times,and the average number of uses of buses in the system increases by 0.53 times,which effectively improves the utilization rate of buses.This article provides optimization suggestions for multi-line bus scheduling under the mixed transit system.

关 键 词：交通运输规划与管理 混合公交系统 行车计划 电动公交 可编组自动驾驶公交 列生成算法 

分 类 号：U121[交通运输工程]