不同超微粉碎时间对南美白对虾粉的粒径分布和氨基酸组成的影响  

Effects of Different Ultrafine Grinding Times on Particle Size Distribution and Amino Acid Compositionof Penaeus vannamei Powder

作　　者：李玲燕 蓝燕珊 张嘉媛 李明 许光辉 LI Lingyan;LAN Yanshan;ZHANG Jiayuan;LI Ming;XU Guanghui(College of Pharmacy,Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Fuzhou 350108;Xiamen Health Medical Big Data Center(Xiamen Institute of Medicine),Xiamen Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine Research and Development,Xiamen 361008)

机构地区：[1]福建中医药大学药学院,福州350108 [2]厦门市健康医疗大数据中心(厦门市医药研究所),厦门市天然药物研究与开发重点实验室,厦门361008

出　　处：《食品工业》2025年第2期73-78,共6页The Food Industry

基　　金：厦门市扶持中医药发展专项资金资助项目(XWZY-2023-0605);厦门市海洋与渔业发展专项资金青年创新项目(23YYZP013QCA11);厦门市科技计划项目(3502Z20226034);厦门市科技计划卫生指导性项目(3502Z20244ZD1374,3502Z20244ZD1375)。

摘　　要：研究不同粉碎粒度对南美白对虾粉的氨基酸组成的影响。对异硫氰酸苯酯(Phenyl isothiocyanate,PITC)柱前衍生化的样品,采用高效液相色谱法(High Performance Liquid Chromatography,HPLC)测定样品氨基酸组成和含量。以流动相A[0.1 mol/L醋酸钠(pH 6.5)-乙腈(93∶7,V/V)]、流动相B(80%乙腈)进行梯度洗脱,设流速1 mL/min、柱温40℃、检测波长254 nm。结果表明,在测定的5种样品中,粉碎20 min的南美白对虾超微粉的总氨基酸含量最高,达到524.585 mg/g,粉碎10 min超微粉的总氨基酸含量最低。氨基酸模式谱评价中,所有样品中必需氨基酸的RAA均接近或大于1,SRCAA均大于40,EAAI均大于0.95,表明所测定的虾样品中必需氨基酸丰富,营养价值较高。相比于其他样品,粉碎20 min样品中SRCAA和EAAI数值均为最大,而粉碎25 min样品中SRCAA和EAAI数值均为最小,说明粉碎20 min南美白对虾超微粉中蛋白质营养价值最高。建立的PITC柱前衍生化高效液相法测定不同粉碎时间的南美白对虾超微粉中氨基酸含量以及评价方法可靠,为南美白对虾的氨基酸质量评价提供支持和依据。在一定范围内,延长粉碎时间来减少南美白对虾超微粉粒径可以提高其蛋白质营养价值,但过度粉碎也会伤害其营养价值。To investigate the effect of different grinding particle sizes on the amino acid composition of Penaeus vannamei powder,the amino acid composition and content of the sample with pre-derivatized with phenyl isothiocyanate(PITC)were determined by high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC).With a mobile phase A of 0.1 mol/L sodium acetate(pH 6.5)-acetonitrile(93:7,V/V),and mobile phase B was 80%acetonitrile for gradient elution,setting the flow rate 1 mL/min,the column temperature was 40℃,and the detection wavelength was 254 nm.The results showed that among the five samples,the total amino acid content of 20 min vannamei shrimp ultrafine powder was the highest,reaching 524.585 mg/g,the total amino acid content of ultrafine powder was the lowest in 10 min,the RAA of essential amino acids in all samples was close to or greater than 1,SRCAA was greater than 40,and EAAI was greater than 0.95,indicating that the shrimp samples were rich in essential amino acids and had high nutritional value.Compared to other samples,the SRCAA and EAAI values were the highest in the 20 min crushed sample,while the SRCAA and EAAI values were the lowest in the 25 min crushed sample,indicating that the protein nutritional value of the crushed 20 min Penaeus vannamei ultrafine powder was the highest.The PITC pre-column derivatization high-performance liquid chromatography method established in this experiment is reliable for the determination of amino acid content in ultrafine powder of Penaeus vannamei shrimp with different crushing times and the evaluation method,which provides support and basis for the evaluation of amino acid quality of Penaeus vannamei in the future.Within a certain range,reducing the particle size of Penaeus vannamei ultrafine powder by extending the crushing time can improve its protein nutritional value,but excessive crushing can also harm its protein nutritional value.

关 键 词：南美白对虾 氨基酸 高效液相色谱 质量评价 

分 类 号：R28[医药卫生—中药学]