西双版纳地区古树和乔木普洱茶(生茶)品质差异分析  

Analysis on the Quality Difference Between Ancient Tree and Arborous Pu'er Tea(Raw Tea)in Xishuangbanna Area

作　　者：汤海昆 杨方慧 张艳梅[1] 张盼盼 孙云南[1] 张华凤 仝佳音 TANG Haikun;YANG Fanghui;ZHANG Yanmei;ZHANG Panpan;SUN Yunnan;ZHANG Huafeng;TONG Jiayin(Tea Research Institute,Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Menghai 666201,China;Menghai Jinde Tea Co.,Ltd.,Menghai 666201,China)

机构地区：[1]云南省农业科学院茶叶研究所,云南勐海666201 [2]勐海晋德茶叶有限公司,云南勐海666201

出　　处：《茶叶通讯》2025年第1期61-69,共9页Journal of Tea Communication

基　　金：云南省云茶高质量发展产业科技支撑专项云南省农业科学院人才引培项目(2024RCYP-01);乡村振兴科技专项云南省勐海县勐满镇西定乡科技特派队(202304BI090032-27)。

摘　　要：为探究西双版纳地区古树和乔木型普洱茶品质差异,采用液相色谱和HS-SPME-GC-MS技术对茶样儿茶素组分和香气成分进行检测分析。儿茶素组分检测结果表明,主成分分析能较好地区分布朗古树、布朗乔木、易武古树、易武乔木。HS-SPME-GC-MS检测结果显示,4组茶样共检出138种香气物质,其中正辛醇、香叶醇、1-辛烯-3-醇、β-紫罗兰酮、β-紫罗酮、水杨酸甲酯、右旋萜二烯、十甲基环五硅氧烷与十四甲基环七硅氧烷等9种香气物质可作为区分4组茶样的依据。相对气味活度值(ROVA)分析结果表明,乔木型普洱茶存在4种共同的关键呈香物质;古树普洱茶无论是在组间还是组内,其关键性和修饰性呈香物质没有明显规律。In order to explore the quality differences between ancient tree and arborous Pu'er tea in Xishuangbanna area,Liquid chromatograph and HS-SPME-GC-MS technology were used to detect and analyze the catechatin components and aroma composition of tea samples.The detection results of catechin components showed that principal component analysis could effectively distinguish between Bulang ancient tree,Bulang arbor,Yi Wu ancient tree and Yi Wu arbor.The detection results of HS-SPME-GC-MS showed that 138 kinds of aroma substances were detected in four groups of tea samples,among which 9 kinds of aroma substances including n-octanol,geraniol,1-octen-3-ol,β-ionone,β-ionone,methyl salicylate,right-handed terpenoid diene,decamethylcyclopentasiloxane and tetradecamethyl cycloheptasiloxane can be used as the basis to distinguish the four groups of tea samples.The results of Relative Odor Activity Value(ROVA)analysis indicated that there were four common key aroma substances in arborous Pu'er tea;There was no obvious rule in the key and modified aroma substances of ancient tree Pu'er tea between groups or within groups.

关 键 词：普洱茶 古树茶 顶空固相微萃取-气相色谱-质谱联用仪 儿茶素组分 

分 类 号：S571.1[农业科学—茶叶生产加工] TS272.7[农业科学—作物学] O657[轻工技术与工程—农产品加工及贮藏工程]