水杨酸处理对龙眼果实采后生理品质的影响  

Effects of Salicylic Acid Treatment on Physiology Quality of Postharvest Longan Fruit

作　　者：王慧玲 孙钧政 刘青青 明艳林[3] 林河通[1,2] 陈艺晖 WANG Hui-ling;SUN Jun-zheng;LIU Qing-qing;MING Yan-lin;LIN He-tong;CHEN Yi-hui(College of Food Science,Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University,Fuzhou 350002,Fujian China;Key Laboratory of Postharvest Biology of Subtropical Special Agricultural Products,Fujian Province University,Fuzhou 350002,Fujian China;Fujian Institute of Subtropical Botany/Fujian Key Laboratory of Subtropical Plant Physiology and Biochemistry,Xiamen 361006,Fujian China)

机构地区：[1]福建农林大学食品科学学院,福建福州350002 [2]亚热带特色农产品采后生物学福建省高校重点实验室,福建福州350002 [3]福建省亚热带植物研究所/福建省亚热带植物生理生化重点实验室,福建厦门361006

出　　处：《亚热带植物科学》2024年第6期527-536,共10页Subtropical Plant Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(31772035);福建省自然科学基金项目(2017J01429)。

摘　　要：龙眼具有较高的营养价值,但果实成熟于7~9月高温高湿季节,采后生理代谢旺盛,常温贮藏3~4 d后,内果皮褐变,果肉自溶,导致果实腐烂变质。本文以‘福眼’龙眼Dimocarpus longan‘Fuyan’果实为材料,研究水杨酸(SA)处理对接种拟茎点霉Phomopsis longanae龙眼果实在28℃贮藏后生理品质的影响。结果表明,SA处理延缓龙眼果皮褐变指数、果肉自溶指数和果实失重率的下降,在第5天,SA+P.longanae处理组果皮褐变指数、果肉自溶指数和果实失重率分别比P.longanae对照组低7.65%、15.91%和24.57%。同时,SA处理能延缓龙眼果实外果皮L^(*)值下降及叶绿素、类胡萝卜素、花色素苷、类黄酮和总酚含量的下降,保持果肉较高的可溶性总糖、蔗糖、可溶性固形物和维生素C含量,有效抑制可滴定酸和还原糖含量上升。综上表明,SA处理能保持采后龙眼果实较好的生理品质,提高其耐贮性。Longan(Dimocarpus longan)fruit has high nutritional value.However,the fruit matures during the season of high temperature and high humidity,from July to September.The postharvest physiological metabolism of longan fruit is vigorous.After 3 or 4 days of storage at room temperature,the endocarp exhibited browning,and the pulp was breakdown,which finally caused deterioration.In this study,‘Fuyan’longan fruit was used as material to evaluate the effects of salicylic acid(SA)treatment on postharvest physiological quality of Phomopsis longanae-inoculated longan fruit stored at 28.The results showed℃that SA treatment decreased the indices of pericarp browning,pulp breakdown,and fruit weight loss percentage.On the 5th day of storage,the pericarp browning index,pulp breakdown index,and fruit weight loss rate in the treatment group of SA+P.longanae were 7.65%,15.91%,and 24.57%lower than those of the control group of P.longanae.Meanwhile,SA treatment delayed the decrease in L^(*)value,and contents of chlorophyll,carotenoid,anthocyanin,flavonoids,and total phenolic in the pericarp,maintained higher contents of total sugar,sucrose,total soluble solids(TSS)and vitamin C in the pulp of longan fruit,and delayed the increase of titratable acids(TA)and reducing sugar contents in longan fruit.This study proved that SA treatment could maintain better physiological quality and improve the storability of harvested longan fruit.

关 键 词：龙眼果实 水杨酸 拟茎点霉 生理品质 耐贮性 

分 类 号：S37[农业科学—农产品加工]