服务学习视域下中小学道德教育的实践转向  

The Practical Turn of Moral Education in Primary and Secondary Schools from the Perspective of Service Learning

作　　者：薛国凤[1] XUE Guofeng(Hebei University,Baoding 071002)

机构地区：[1]河北大学教育学院,071002

出　　处：《教育科学研究》2025年第3期14-21,共8页Educational Science Research

基　　金：2023年度国家社会科学基金教育学一般项目“具身德育视域下中小学生道德自我认同培养的实践机制构建研究”(BEA230072)的成果之一。

摘　　要：立德树人是教育的根本任务。面对社会急剧发展过程中青少年呈现出的道德虚假、道德推脱和道德冷漠等问题,道德教育需要重视“道德做出”(moraldoing)的实践转向。道德具有实践本性,道德实践教育须借助年轻一代的“身体在场”,在知情行统一中完成道德价值的建构与德性的养成。于20世纪中后期兴起的服务学习理论倡导在“服务”这一真实生活实践中进行“学习”,经验化学习、在地化学习和结构性学习特征使其在学生道德敏感性发展、道德情感生成以及道德行为发生等方面具有重要促进作用。对我国中小学校和教师而言,将服务学习融入道德教育并实现实践转向,需要着眼于高质量的发展诉求和系统的教育工作改进,包括组建服务学习项目团队、构建服务学习课程关联和搭建服务学习伙伴合作平台等。Faced with the problems of moral falsehood,moral disengagement or moral indifference presented by the teenagers in the rapid development of society,moral education needs to pay attention to the practical shift of"moral doing".Morality has practical nature,and moral practice education needs to rely on the physical presence of the younger generation to complete the construction of moral values and the cultivation of morality in the unity of knowledge,affection and action.The theory of service learning,which emerged in the mid to late 20th century,advocates for"learning"in the real-life practice of"service".The characteristics of experiential learning,localized learning,and structural learning make it play an important role in promoting the development of students'moral sensitivity,the generation of moral emotions,and the occurrence of moral behavior.It is necessary for schools and teachers to integrate service learning into moral education and realizing practice,which requires them to focus on high-quality development demands and systematic education improvement,including forming the project teams,constructing course associations,and building partner cooperation platforms for service learning.

关 键 词：立德树人 道德教育 道德实践 服务学习 知行合一 

分 类 号：G410[文化科学—教育学]