基于转录组测序技术鉴别影响莱芜猪滴水损失的关键基因  

Identification of Key Genes Affecting Drip Loss in Laiwu Pigs Based on Transcriptome Sequencing Technology

作　　者：贾万里 王继英[2] 李菁璇 王彦平[2] 耿立英[1] 张传生[1] 赵雪艳[2] JIA Wanli;WANG Jiying;LI Jingxuan;WANG Yanping;GENG Liying;ZHANG Chuansheng;ZHAO Xueyan(College of Animal Science and Technology,Hebei Normal University of Science&Technology,Qinhuangdao 066600,China;Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Shandong Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Control and Breeding,Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine,Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Jinan 250100,China)

机构地区：[1]河北科技师范学院动物科技学院,秦皇岛066600 [2]山东省农业科学院畜牧兽医研究所,农业农村部畜禽生物组学重点实验室/山东省畜禽疫病防治与繁育重点实验室,济南250100

出　　处：《畜牧兽医学报》2025年第3期1134-1146,共13页ACTA VETERINARIA ET ZOOTECHNICA SINICA

基　　金：山东省重点研发计划(2022LZGCQY007,2022LZGC003);山东省生猪产业技术体系(SDAIT-08-03);山东省自然科学基金(ZR2024MC064)。

摘　　要：旨在筛选影响莱芜猪滴水损失的关键基因,以提高猪肉质品质并减少滴水带来的经济损失。本研究选取胴体重为(72.30±1.26)kg的28头莱芜猪(公猪19头,母猪9头),测定48 h滴水损失、肉色、肌内脂肪含量和pH等肉质性状,并进行背最长肌组织的转录组测序。利用滴水损失极端个体(每组各3头公猪,1头母猪),在log 2(差异倍数)≥1且校正后P≤0.01的筛选标准下,筛选差异表达基因。结合差异基因与表型的相关分析和蛋白互作分析进一步鉴别影响莱芜猪滴水损失的关键候选基因。结果发现,莱芜猪滴水损失与肌内脂肪含量以及1 h和24 h肉色a*值呈显著负相关(P<0.05)。滴水损失高、低组间共筛选到166个差异表达基因,这些基因显著富集在与血管系统发育与功能、细胞骨架与运动、蛋白质调控与功能等相关的GO条目和通路中。在28个个体中的相关性分析发现,差异表达基因中有110个基因与滴水损失呈显著相关(P<0.05),前10位显著相关的差异表达基因包含了KLF 2和IGF 2等功能上与滴水损失密切相关的基因。进一步的蛋白互作分析发现,差异表达基因中UBR 1和TTBK 2所表达的蛋白与其它蛋白存在最多的互作,其基因mRNA表达量与滴水损失显著相关(P<0.05),且已报道的基因功能也与滴水损失密切相关。因此,结合差异表达基因分析、相关性分析和蛋白互作分析将KLF2、IGF2、UBR 1和TTBK 2作为影响滴水损失的重要候选基因。本研究为猪滴水损失分子机制的解析奠定基础,也为猪肉质性状改良提供了重要借鉴。This study aimed to identify key genes affecting drip loss in Laiwu pigs to improve pork quality and reduce economic loss caused by drip.Twenty-eight Laiwu pigs,including 19 boars and 9 sows with carcass weight of(72.30±1.26)kg,were selected as experimental animals.The meat quality traits,including 48 h drip loss,meat color,intramuscular fat content,and pH,were measured.RNA sequencing was conducted on the longissimus dorsi muscle tissue of these pigs.Then,differentially expressed genes(DEGs)were detected based on the criteria of log 2(fold change)≥1 and an adjusted P≤0.01 between groups with high and low drip loss.Each group included three boars and one sow.By combining correlation analysis between DEGs and drip loss,as well as protein-protein interaction(PPI)analysis,the candidate genes influencing drip loss in Laiwu pigs were further identified.The results indicated that drip loss was significantly negatively correlated with the intramuscular fat content and the a*value of meat color at both 1 h and 24 h post-mortem(P<0.05)in Laiwu pigs.A total of 166 DEGs were identified between the high and low drip loss groups.These DEGs were significantly enriched in Gene Ontology(GO)terms and pathways related to cardiovascular system development and function,cytoskeleton and motility,and protein regulation and function.Correlation analysis using the 28 individuals revealed that 110 of the 166 DEGs were significantly correlated with drip loss(P<0.05).Among the top ten of the most significantly correlated DEGs,two genes,KLF 2 and IGF 2,were identified,whose functions were reported to be related to drip loss.Furthermore,PPI analysis of DEGs identified two proteins,which were encoded by UBR 1 and TTBK 2,having the highest number of interactions with other proteins,and the mRNA expression levels of the two genes were significantly correlated with drip loss(P<0.05).These gene functions were also reported closely related to drip loss in previous studies.Therefore,by combining the results of DEG analysis,correlation analysis,

关 键 词：莱芜猪 滴水损失 RNA测序 肉质性状 候选基因 

分 类 号：S828.2[农业科学—畜牧学]