牡丹籽油微波预处理—压榨法制备工艺优化及品质分析  

Optimization of microwave pretreatment-pressing methods for preparing peony seed oil and its quality analysis

作　　者：华金丹 HUA Jindan(Puyang Medical College,Puyang,Henan 457000,China)

机构地区：[1]濮阳医学高等专科学校,河南濮阳457000

出　　处：《食品与机械》2025年第2期181-188,共8页Food and Machinery

基　　金：河南省高等学校重点科研项目(编号:23B350006)。

摘　　要：[目的]获得高品质的牡丹籽油。[方法]以牡丹籽为材料,探究牡丹籽水分含量、微波功率、微波时间和仁壳比对牡丹籽出油率的影响,然后采用响应面法优化了微波预处理—压榨法制备牡丹籽油的工艺条件,并对微波预处理—压榨法、超临界CO_(2)萃取和溶剂萃取3种方法制备的牡丹籽油进行品质比较。[结果]微波预处理—压榨法制备牡丹籽油的最佳工艺条件为牡丹籽水分含量8.6%、微波功率1000 W,微波时间5 min,仁壳比(m_(牡丹籽仁)∶m_(牡丹籽壳))15∶1,该工艺条件下牡丹籽出油率为(26.74±0.58)%。3种方法制备的牡丹籽油虽然理化指标上存在差异,但均符合食用植物油标准。提取方法对脂肪酸的提取是非选择性的,未发生脂肪酸的异构化或氧化,但微波预处理—压榨法制备的牡丹籽油含有更高的微量成分,如角鲨烯、生育酚和总酚含量,具备更好的抗氧化活性。[结论]微波预处理—压榨法是一种获得高品质牡丹籽的加工方法。[Objective]To obtain high-quality peony seed oil.[Methods]Using peony seeds as materials,this study investigated the effects of moisture content,microwave power,microwave time,and kernel-shell mass ratio on peony seed oil yield.Response surface methodology was then used to optimize the process conditions for peony seed oil preparation via microwave pretreatment-pressing methods.The quality of peony seed oil obtained by microwave pretreatment-pressing methods was compared with that extracted by supercritical CO_(2)extraction and solvent extraction.[Results]The optimal process conditions for microwave pretreatment-pressing methods to prepare peony seed oil were listed below:moisture content of 8.6%,microwave power of 1000 W,microwave time of 5 min,and kernel-shell mass ratio of 15∶1.Under these conditions,the oil yield from peony seeds was(26.74±0.58)%.Although there were differences in the physicochemical indicators of peony seed oil produced by the three methods,all met the standards for edible vegetable oil.The extraction methods were nonselective for fatty acid extraction,with no isomerization or oxidation of fatty acids.However,the peony seed oil prepared by microwave pretreatment-pressing methods contained higher levels of trace components such as squalene,tocopherols,and total phenols,which gave it better antioxidant activity.[Conclusion]Microwave pretreatment-pressing methods are effective processing methods for obtaining highquality peony seed oil.

关 键 词：牡丹籽油 微波预处理 压榨法 酸价 过氧化值 脂肪酸 微量成分 抗氧化 

分 类 号：S68[农业科学—观赏园艺]