黑树莓酚类物质提取工艺优化及抗氧化、抑菌活性研究  

Optimization of extraction process of phenols from Rubus occidentalis L.and its antioxidant and antibacterial activities

作　　者：张春艳 王益蕊 周霏娅 李素清[1] ZHANG Chun-yan;WANG Yi-rui;ZHOU Fei-ya;LI Su-qing(College of Food Science,Sichuan Agricultural University,Yaan 625014,China)

机构地区：[1]四川农业大学食品学院,雅安625014

出　　处：《天然产物研究与开发》2025年第3期491-501,共11页Natural Product Research and Development

基　　金：四川省科技计划重点项目(2023YFN0011)。

摘　　要：为探究黑树莓酚类物质的最佳提取工艺及其组成成分和功能特性,采用超声辅助法进行提取,以黑树莓总酚和总黄酮提取量为指标,通过单因素结合响应面试验优化提取工艺。采用紫外、红外光谱及高效液相色谱-四极杆/静电场轨道阱高分辨质谱仪对黑树莓提取物进行组分分析,利用DPPH、ABTS+的自由基清除率和抑菌圈大小分析黑树莓提取物纯化前后的抗氧化活性及抑菌特性。结果表明,最佳提取工艺为料液比1∶26(g/mL)、超声时间47 min、乙醇体积分数57%、超声功率300 W、超声温度60℃,此条件下总酚提取量为48.01±1.07 mg/g、总黄酮提取量为7.27±0.41 mg/g;并在提取物中鉴定出17种多酚物质;此外,该提取物还表现出较强的抗氧化和抑菌能力,对DPPH和ABTS+自由基清除率的IC_(50)值分别为5.263、11.61μg/mL;当黑树莓多酚提取物浓度为40 mg/mL时,对大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌的抑菌圈直径分别达到了18.73±0.19、16.97±0.12 mm。综上,超声辅助提取能有效促进酚类物质溶出,经此得到的黑树莓酚类物质具有较好的抗氧化、抑菌活性,通过本研究可为黑树莓资源深加工利用提供理论基础。In order to explore the optimal extraction process,composition,and functional characteristics of phenols from R.occidentalis,ultrasonic-assisted extraction of R.occidentalis phenols was carried out.The extraction process was optimized by a single factor combined with a response surface test with the extraction amount of total phenols and flavonoids from R.occidentalis as indexes.Meanwhile,the composition of the extract was determined by ultraviolet spectrum,infrared spectrum,and UPLC-Q-Exactive MS,and the antioxidant and antibacterial activities of the extract before and after purification were analyzed by the scavenging rate of DPPH and ABTS+free radical and the size of inhibition zone diameter.The results showed that the optimum extraction conditions were as follows:material-liquid ratio 1∶26(g/mL),ultrasonic time 47 min,ethanol content 57%,ultrasonic power 300 W,and ultrasonic temperature 60℃.Under these conditions,the total phenols extraction yield reached 48.01±1.07 mg/g,and the total flavonoids extraction yield was 7.27±0.41 mg/g.It was found that a total of 17 polyphenols were identified.In addition,the extract showed great antioxidant and antibacterial activities,and the IC_(50) values of DPPH and ABTS+scavenging were 5.263μg/mL and 11.61μg/mL,respectively.When the concentration of R.occidentalis polyphenols extract was 40 mg/mL,the diameter of the inhibition zone against E.coli and S.aureus reached 18.73±0.19 mm and 16.97±0.12 mm,respectively.In conclusion,ultrasonic-assisted extraction can effectively promote the dissolution of phenols,and the R.occidentalis phenolic extract obtained by this method has good antioxidant and antibacterial activities.This study can provide a theoretical basis for the further processing and utilization of R.occidentalis resources.

关 键 词：黑树莓 酚类 超声辅助提取 抗氧化活性 抑菌活性 

分 类 号：R284[医药卫生—中药学]