酒糟醇溶蛋白纳米复合涂膜剂在荔枝保鲜中的研究  

Study on the Application of Prolamin Nanocomposite Coating Agent from Distiller’s Grains in Lychee Preservation

作　　者：秦辉[1,2] 曹阳 黄孟阳 贺爽 蒲升惠 郑小莉 QIN Hui;CAO Yang;HUANG Mengyang;HE Shuang;PU Shenghui;ZHENG Xiaoli(Luzhou Laojiao Co.,Ltd.,Luzhou 646000,China;National Engineering Technology Research Center of Solid-state Brewing,Luzhou 646000,China;School of Public Health,Southwest Medical University,Luzhou 646000,China;Chengdu Weitaiping Biotechnology Co.,Ltd.,Chengdu 610000,China;School of Basic Medical Sciences,Southwest Medical University,Luzhou 646000,China)

机构地区：[1]泸州老窖股份有限公司,四川泸州646000 [2]国家固态酿造工程技术研究中心,四川泸州646000 [3]西南医科大学公共卫生学院,四川泸州646000 [4]成都胃肽平生物科技有限公司,四川成都610000 [5]西南医科大学基础医学院,四川泸州646000

出　　处：《食品安全导刊》2025年第10期52-58,62,共8页China Food Safety Magazine

基　　金：泸州市“酒城英才·科技创新团队”;泸州市重点研发项目(2022-SYF-32);浓香型白酒固态发酵丢糟资源化利用项目(NJGS-2023000587)。

摘　　要：目的:以酒糟醇溶蛋白为基本成分制备一种纳米复合涂膜剂,并检测其对荔枝的保鲜效果。方法:从酒糟中提取醇溶蛋白,添加纳米涂膜载剂(纳米氧化锌、甘油、聚乙二醇-4000、羟丙基甲基纤维素、抗坏血酸、2-羟基丙酸和70%乙醇水溶液)制备纳米复合涂膜。分别使用纯水、涂膜载剂、复合涂膜剂处理荔枝,观察保留枝柄荔枝、去除枝柄荔枝在常温下的保存情况,以荔枝外观变化、坏果率、失重率、维生素C含量、可溶性固体物含量以及可滴定酸含量为指标评价保鲜性能。结果:复合涂膜组在荔枝保鲜中的表现显著优于其他组别。外观方面,去柄荔枝贮藏第3天时复合涂膜组果肉正常,第5天仅失水皱缩,而纯水组和载剂组出现腐烂霉变;留柄荔枝贮藏第15天时复合涂膜组仅表皮褐变,纯水组已霉变。坏果率方面,贮藏15 d时,复合涂膜组去柄/留柄荔枝的坏果率(50%/30%)显著低于涂膜载剂组(90%/50%)和纯水组(100%/90%)。失重率方面,复合涂膜组失重率始终最低。营养成分方面,在储藏第8天时,留柄荔枝复合涂膜组维生素C(6.92 mg/100 g)、可溶性固形物(12.05%)和可滴定酸(0.107%)含量均高于载剂组和纯水组,品质更优。结论:酒糟醇溶蛋白复合涂膜剂可显著延长荔枝保鲜期,降低坏果率(与纯水组相比),有效抑制失重,并延缓维生素C等关键营养指标的降解。表明添加酒糟醇溶蛋白可显著提升荔枝保鲜性能。Objective:To prepare a nano composite coating agent based on prolamin from distiller’s grains and test its preservation effect on lychee.Method:Extracting prolamin from distiller’s grains and adding nano coating carrier(nano ZnO,glycerol,PEG-4000,hydroxypropyl methylcellulose,vitamin C,L(+)-lactic acid,70%ethanol solution)to prepare nano composite coating.Treat lychee with pure water,coating carrier,and composite coating agent respectively,observe the room temperature storage of lychee with retained stem and removed stem over time,and evaluate the preservation performance based on the appearance changes,fruit failure rate,weight loss rate,vitamin C content,soluble solid content,and titratable acid content of lychee.Result:The performance of the composite coating group in litchi preservation was significantly better than that of other groups.In terms of appearance,the pulp of the composite coating group was normal on the 3rd day of storage,and only the water loss shrank on the 5th day,while the pure water group and the carrier group showed rot and mildew.On the 15th day of storage,only the epidermis was browned in the composite coating group,and the control group was mildewed.In terms of fruit failure rate,the fruit failure rate of lychee with stalk/stalk retention in the composite coating group(50%/30%)was significantly lower than that in the coating carrier group(90%/50%)and pure water group(100%/90%)after 15 days of storage.In terms of weight loss rate,the weight loss rate of the composite coating film group was always the lowest.In terms of nutrients,the contents of vitamin C(6.92 mg/100 g),soluble solids(12.05%)and titratable acid(0.107%)were significantly higher than those in the control group on the 8th day of storage,and the quality was better.Conclusion:Distiller’s grains gliadin composite coating can significantly prolong the shelf life of lychee,reduce the rate of bad fruit(compared with the pure water group),effectively inhibit weight loss,and delay the degradation of key nutritional indicators s

关 键 词：酒糟 醇溶蛋白 纳米涂膜 荔枝 保鲜 

分 类 号：S66[农业科学—果树学]