2021—2023年河南省部分学校自供午餐能量及营养供给状况调查  

Energy and nutrient supply in school lunches served in selected kindergartens/schools in Henan province,2021–2023:a cross-sectional survey

作　　者：张利锋[1] 苏永恒[1] 杨瑞春[1] 王谢[1] 梁瑞玲[1] ZHANG Lifeng;SU Yongheng;YANG Ruichun;WANG Xie;LIANG Ruiling(Henan Key Laboratory of Food Safety Risk Monitoring and Assessment,Henan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Zhengzhou 450016,China)

机构地区：[1]河南省疾病预防控制中心河南省食品安全风险监测与评价重点实验室,郑州450016

出　　处：《中国公共卫生》2025年第2期206-211,共6页Chinese Journal of Public Health

基　　金：河南省医学科技攻关计划(联合共建)项目(LHGJ20220166)。

摘　　要：目的了解河南省部分学校自供午餐能量和营养供给状况,为提高学生餐营养质量提供科学依据和数据支持。方法于2021—2023年随机抽取周口市、安阳市、洛阳市48所学校连续5 d的成品学生餐240份(幼儿园、小学、中学各80份),采用化学分析法依据相关国家标准检测其营养成分含量,参考《学生餐营养指南》和《中国居民膳食营养素参考摄入量》进行营养评价。结果幼儿园、小学、初中阶段学生午餐能量的供应量分别为1979.4、2665.2、3056.0 kJ,高于推荐量80%的比例分别为67.5%、50.0%、45.0%;蛋白质供应量分别为19.7、25.6、28.2 g,高于推荐量80%的比例分别为92.5%、85.0%、85.0%;钠的供应量分别为1133.0、1488.4、1825.2 mg,高于推荐量的比例均为100%;维生素A的供应量分别为50.0、65.0、75.0μg,低于推荐量60%的比例分别为97.5%、97.5%、100%;钙供应量分别为120.5、140.9、130.5 mg,低于推荐量60%的比例分别为67.5%、65.0%、67.5%;锌的供应量分别为1.3、1.7、1.8 mg,低于推荐量60%的比例分别为40.0%、65.0%、67.5%;铁的供应量占推荐量的比例分别为117.5%、103.6%、63.9%,硒为93.3%、46.4%、28.3%。幼儿园、小学、初中阶段学生午餐能量、蛋白质、硒的供应量占推荐量的构成比差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。幼儿园、小学、初中学生午餐蛋白质供能比分别为18.4%、15.3%、16.0%,供能比略高;脂肪和碳水化合物的供能比适宜。结论河南省部分学校自供午餐营养供给不均衡,某些营养素供给量与推荐量差距较大。建议加强科学指导,均衡膳食。Objective To assess the energy and nutrient content in school lunches served in kindergartens/schools in Henan province and to provide evidence for improving the nutritional quality of student meals.Methods From 2021 to2023,a total of 240 school lunch food samples were randomly selected from 16 kindergartens,16 primary schools and 16secondary schools in three cities in Henan Province on consecutive 5 days.The nutrient content of the food samples was determined by chemical analysis methods according to relevant national standards.The nutritional evaluation was conducted with reference to the"Nutritional Guidelines for Student Meals"and the"Dietary Nutrient Reference Intakes for Chinese Residents.Results The energy supply(kJ)of the samples for kindergarten,elementary school,and junior high school students was 1979.4,2665.2,and 3056.0,respectively,with 67.5%,50.0%,and 45.0%exceeding the recommended amount by 80%.Protein content(g)was 19.7,25.6,and 28.2,respectively,with 92.5%,85.0%,and 85.0%exceeding the recommended amount by 80%.Sodium content(mg)was 1133.0,1488.4,and 1825.2,respectively,all exceeding the recommended amount.Vitamin A content(μg)was 50.0,65.0,and 75.0,with 97.5%,97.5%,and 100%of the samples being 60%below the recommended amount.Calcium content(mg)was 120.5,140.9,and 130.5,with 67.5%,65.0%,and 67.5%of the samples being 60%below the recommended amount;zinc content(mg)was 1.3,1.7,and 1.8,with 40.0%,65.0%,and 67.5%of the samples being 60%below the recommended amount.The ratio of iron supply to the recommended amount was 117.5%,103.6%,and 63.9%;while the selenium supply was 93.3%,46.4%,and 28.3%of the recommended amount,respectively.There were significant differences in the compositional ratios of energy,protein,and selenium to the recommended amount among samples from kindergarten,elementary school,and junior high school(all P<0.05).The proportions of energy intake from protein were 18.4%,15.3%,and 16.0%for the kindergarten,elementary school,and junior high school samples,respectively,which were slight

关 键 词：学生午餐 营养状况 河南省 

分 类 号：G63[文化科学—教育学]