马来西亚教育微证书探微:发展动因、基本框架与实践路径  

An Exploration of Educational Micro-credentials in Malaysia:Motivation,Framework and Practical Path

作　　者：陈然[1] Chen Ran(Jiangsu Open University)

机构地区：[1]江苏开放大学发展规划处

出　　处：《终身教育研究》2025年第2期88-97,共10页Lifelong Education Research

基　　金：2023年度江苏省教育科学“十四五”规划课题“开放教育数字化转型的成熟度模型构建与发展路径研究”(C/2023/02/05)。

摘　　要：微证书发展正逐渐成为终身学习理念下教育发展的重要趋势。作为一种能力导向、开放灵活的学习成果认证方式,微证书在帮助学习者技能提升、应对工作性质变化和提供终身学习路径等方面具备发展潜能,已成为世界范围内教育改革的重点关注领域。作为亚洲地区微证书发展的先行者,马来西亚高度重视微证书发展。为解决劳动力市场技能供需失衡难题,顺应数字化时代学习和认证方式变革趋势,满足学习者终身学习和可持续发展需求,马来西亚出台了一系列政策构建国家微证书基本框架。该框架全面规定了微证书的概念内涵、指导原则、类型特点、质量保障和学习成果认证转换机制。为推进微证书的广泛应用,马来西亚进一步探索形成了政策支持、高校先行、社会协同、平台支撑的实践路径,取得了良好的实践成效,为我国推进微证书发展提供了经验借鉴。The development of micro-credentials is gradually becoming an important trend of education development under the concept of lifelong learning.As an ability-oriented,open and flexible way of certifying learning outcomes,micro-credentials have significant potential to help learners improve their skills,adapt to job changes,and provide lifelong learning pathways,and has become the key focus of education reform worldwide.As a pioneer in the development of micro-credentials in Asia,Malaysia attaches great importance to the development of micro-credentials.In order to solve the problem of the imbalance between the supply and demand of skills in the labor market,adapt to the trend of learning and certification methods in the digital era,and meet the needs of learners for lifelong learning and sustainable development,Malaysia has issued a series of policies to build the basic framework of national micro-credentials.The framework comprehensively stipulates the concept connotation,guiding principles,type characteristics,quality assurance and learning outcome certification conversion mechanism of micro-credentials.In order to promote the wide application of micro-credentials,Malaysia has further explored and formed a practice path of policy support,colleges and universities first,social collaboration,and platform support,and achieved good practical results,providing reference for China to promote the development of micro-credentials.

关 键 词：微证书 学习成果认证 学分转换 资历框架 终身学习 高等教育 

分 类 号：G63[文化科学—教育学]