基础教育学制改革的辩证逻辑  

The Dialectical Logic for the Reform of the School Education System in Basic Education

作　　者：冯永刚 刘晓倩 Feng Yonggang;Liu Xiaoqian(Faculty of Education,Shandong Normal University,Ji'nan 250014)

机构地区：[1]山东师范大学教育学部,济南250014

出　　处：《教育研究》2025年第3期105-117,共13页Educational Research

基　　金：教育部教育管理信息中心2022年度委托项目“基础教育学制变革管理及发展趋势研究”(编号:MOE-CIEM-2022020)的研究成果。

摘　　要：基础教育学制作为国家教育制度体系的重要组成部分,始终紧随社会更迭与教育主体诉求不断被赋予新的样态。自壬寅学制确立迄今,我国基础教育学制发展已逾百年,其间历经“肇始—过渡—调整—深化—提升”五个阶段。随着历史变迁及教育改革的深入推进,面对急遽变化的教育环境,学术界对基础教育学制应“赓续发展”还是“破旧立新”难达共识,促生了“维稳派”和“革新派”之间的激烈争辩。为避免价值偏狭和认知失范,有必要借古鉴今,整体回溯我国基础教育学制的改革历程,辩证审思学制改革的张力,在契合教育目的、遵循法律边界、锚定资源配额、依循动态监管的限度内,理性调控基础教育学制改革,方能调和争论,在对立统一中实现改革蹄疾步稳,保障学制良性发展,推动基础教育优质均衡发展。As an important part of the national education system,the school education system in basic education always follows social changes and educators'demands,and is constantly endowed with new forms.Since the establishment of the Renyin school system(promulgated by the Qing Government in 1902),China has witnessed the century-old development of the school education system in basic education,which experienced the stages of initiation,transition,adjustment,deepening,and enhancement.With historical changes,the deepening of the educational reform,and the rapid change of the educational environment,the academic field finds it difficult to reach a consensus on whether to seek continuous development based on the inheritance of the old school education system or to replace the old with the new,and this triggers heated debates between the"stability maintainers"and the"reformers."To avoid narrow value judgments and cognitive biases,we need to dialectically consider and draw on the previous reforms of the school education system in China's basic education,and within the limits of conforming to the educational purpose,following legal boundaries,anchoring resource allocation,and following dynamic supervision,rationally regulate the reform of the school education system in basic education.Only in this way can we reconcile the debates,carry out rapid and steady reforms based on the unity of opposites,ensure the sound development of the school education system,and promote the high-quality and balanced development of basic education.

关 键 词：基础教育 学制改革 辩证逻辑 立德树人 

分 类 号：G639.2[文化科学—教育学]