富硒茶中功能成分的提取纯化及功能活性研究进展  

Research Progress on Extraction,Purification and Functional Activities of Functional Components from Selenium-Rich Tea

作　　者：曾祥权 彭琳琳 王倩男 李健[1,2] ZENG Xiangquan;PENG Linlin;WANG Qiannan;LI Jian(Key Laboratory of Geriatric Nutrition and Health,Ministry of Education,School of Food and Health,Beijing Technology and Business University,Beijing 100048,China;Key Laboratory of Green and Low-Carbon Processing Technology for Plant-Based Food of China National Light Industry Council,School of Food and Health,Beijing Technology and Business University,Beijing 100048,China;Centre Testing International Group Beijing Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 101111,China)

机构地区：[1]北京工商大学食品与健康学院,教育部老年营养与健康重点实验室,北京100048 [2]北京工商大学食品与健康学院,中国轻工业植物基食品绿色低碳加工技术重点实验室,北京100048 [3]华测检测认证集团北京有限公司,北京101111

出　　处：《食品科技》2025年第2期179-187,共9页Food Science and Technology

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFF1101500);北京工商大学食品科学与工程双一流学科培育项目(BTBUYXTD202203);北京工商大学青年教师科研启动基金项目(QNJJ2022-10);北京市教委科技项目一般项目(KM202310011009)。

摘　　要：富硒茶作为一种理想的补硒资源,含有硒蛋白、茶多酚和茶多糖等活性成分,但尚未有团队总结近年来富硒茶中功能物质的提取及活性的研究进展,因此文章旨在对其进行系统性综述。在提取工艺方面,硒蛋白主要通过碱法提取,茶多酚可借助乙醇浸提、超声辅助和超声辅助酶法提取,茶多糖则主要使用水提醇沉和超声辅助酶法提取。其中,富硒茶的多糖含量要显著高于普通茶。就功能活性而言,硒蛋白具有抗氧化、降血糖、抗疲劳和抗衰老功能,茶多酚具有抗氧化、抗肿瘤和提高有氧耐力等作用,茶多糖则表现出抗氧化、抗疲劳、抗癌和降血糖活性,且3种物质的部分活性强于普通茶。最后对富硒茶来源功能物质的研究方向进行展望。该综述对富硒茶的开发利用有一定的指导意义。Selenium-rich tea is an ideal source of selenium and contains various functional components,including selenium protein,tea polyphenols and tea polysaccharides.However,few research teams attempted to summarize the recent advances in the extraction and biological activities of functional components in selenium-rich tea.Therefore,this paper aimed to systematically review the research progress on the extraction,purification and functional activities of selenoproteins,tea polyphenols and tea polysaccharides from selenium-rich tea.In terms of the extraction methods,selenoproteins were mainly extracted by alkali method,while ethanol-assisted,ultrasonic-assisted and ultrasonic plus enzymeassisted methods were utilized to extract polyphenols in selenium-rich tea.Besides,the extraction methods of selenium-rich tea polysaccharide contained water extraction/alcohol precipitation as well as ultrasonic plus enzyme-assisted methods.It was worthwhile to note that the polysaccharide level of selenium-rich tea was significantly higher than that of common tea.Regarding functional properties,selenoproteins isolated from selenium-rich tea showed antioxidant,hypoglycemic,anti-fatigue and antiaging activities,while selenium-rich tea polyphenols exhibited antioxidant,anti-tumor as well as promoting effects on the aerobic endurance level.Also,the antioxidant,anti-fatigue,anti-cancer and hypoglycemic effects of polysaccharides from selenium-rich tea were demonstrated.It was found that some specific biological activities of these functional components from selenium-rich tea were much stronger compared with those from common tea.Ultimately,the research directions of three functional substances from selenium-rich tea were prospected,which might provide some insights for the development and utilization of selenium-rich tea.

关 键 词：富硒茶 硒蛋白 茶多酚 茶多糖 提取纯化 

分 类 号：TS272.55[农业科学—茶叶生产加工]