教养方式对同伴关系的影响:问题行为的中介效应和教师期望的调节作用  

Impact of parenting styles on peer relationships:mediating effect of problem behavior and moderating effect of teachers’expectations

作　　者：陈彦垒[1] 孔玉荣 姜晓芳[1] CHEN Yanlei;KONG Yurong;JIANG Xiaofang(School of Educational Sciences,Liaocheng University,Liaocheng 252059,Shandong Province,China;Liaocheng Zhangluji Central Primary School,Liaocheng 252000,Shandong Province,China)

机构地区：[1]聊城大学教育科学学院,聊城252059 [2]聊城张炉集中心小学,聊城252000

出　　处：《教育生物学杂志》2025年第2期101-105,共5页Journal of Bio-education

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金(19YJC880011);聊城大学科研项目(321021409);聊城大学横向课题(R24WD157)。

摘　　要：目的探讨家庭教养方式对高年级小学生同伴关系的影响,以及问题行为和教师期望在其中的作用。方法采用同伴提名法及家庭教养方式量表、Conners儿童行为问卷(教师版)、教师期望问卷,对1094名高年级小学生进行调查。对相关数据进行统计学分析。结果女生的同伴关系显著优于男生(t=3.79,P<0.001);问题行为的总检出率为11.2%,男生显著高于女生(t=6.21,P<0.001)。家庭教养方式的情感温暖和理解以及惩罚和严厉维度能同时预测问题行为和同伴关系。问题行为在家庭教养方式与同伴关系之间的中介效应显著;教师期望在问题行为与同伴关系之间起调节作用:随着问题行为的减少,高教师期望学生的同伴关系会有更明显的改善;有调节的中介效应模型成立。结论家庭教养方式不仅直接影响高年级小学生的同伴关系,还可能通过问题行为的中介效应产生间接影响。教师期望能够调节问题行为对同伴关系的预测作用。Objective To explore the impact of parenting styles on peer relationships among senior primary school students,and investigate the roles of problem behavior and teachers’expectations between them.Methods A survey was conducted on 1094 senior primary school students by using the peer nomination method,family parenting style scale,Conners child behavior questionnaire(teacher version),and teacher expectation questionnaire.The relevant data were statistically analyzed.Results Girls had significantly better peer relationships than boys(t=3.79,P<0.001).The overall detection rate of problem behavior was 11.2%,with boys showing significantly higher rates than girls(t=6.21,P<0.001).The emotional warmth and understanding,as well as the dimensions of punishment and severity,of family parenting styles simultaneously predicted problem behavior and peer relationships.The mediating effect of problem behavior between family parenting styles and peer relationships was significant.Teachers’expectations played a moderating role between problem behavior and peer relationships.As problem behavior decreased,students with high teachers’expectations had significant improvements in peer relationships.A moderated mediation effect model was established.Conclusion The parenting style not only directly affects the peer relationships of senior primary school students,but may also have indirect effects through the mediating effect of problem behavior.Teachers’expectations regulate the predictive effect of problem behavior on peer relationships.

关 键 词：家庭教养方式 同伴关系 问题行为 教师期望 高年级小学生 

分 类 号：G44[哲学宗教—心理学] R395.6[哲学宗教—发展与教育心理学]