2014—2023年沧州市14类市售食品中食源性致病菌污染状况分析  

Analysis on contamination status of foodborne pathogenic bacteria in 14 types of commercially available foods in Cangzhou City from 2014 to 2023

作　　者：赵玲玲[1] 郑邵辉 张瑞 郭晓悦 卢俊荣[1] 王春东[1] ZHAO Lingling;ZHENG Shaohui;ZHANG Rui;GUO Xiaoyue;LU Junrong;WANG Chundong(Microbial Inspection Department,Cangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Changzhou,Hebei 061000,China)

机构地区：[1]沧州市疾病预防控制中心微生物检验科,河北沧州061000

出　　处：《职业与健康》2025年第3期345-350,共6页Occupation and Health

基　　金：沧州市科技计划自筹项目(222106004)。

摘　　要：目的了解2014—2023年沧州市市售食品中食源性致病菌的污染情况,为食品风险评估和有效监管提供数据支持。方法按照“河北省实施国家食品安全风险监测计划工作方案”,2014—2023年采集沧州市14类、2491份市售食品开展单核细胞增生李斯特菌、副溶血性弧菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、蜡样芽胞杆菌、沙门菌和铜绿假单胞菌等17种食源性致病菌检测,并对数据进行统计分析。结果2014—2023年采集的2491份样品中检出阳性菌株408株,检出率为12.66%。2016年检出率最高,为32.63%,2020年检出率最低,为4.07%,检出率最高的致病菌为铜绿假单胞菌(21.43%),最低的为创伤弧菌(0.86%),各年度检出率比较,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=139.512,P<0.05)。10年中副溶血性弧菌在2017年污染最严重,为41.56%,不同年份副溶血性弧菌检出率比较,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=42.561,P<0.05)。14类食品中副溶血性弧菌在水产及其制品中检出率最高,为19.22%。5类采样地点中农贸市场污染最严重,为20.24%,各个采样地点检出率比较,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=15.267,P<0.05)。结论沧州市市售食品中存在食源性致病菌的污染,卫生监督部门应加强监管力度,以减少食源性疾病的发生,保障人们的食品安全。Objective To understand the contamination status of foodborne pathogenic bacteria in commercially available foods from 2014 to 2023,provide data support for food risk assessment and effective regulation.Methods In accordance with the"Work Program for the Implementation of National Food Safety Risk Monitoring Plan in Hebei Province",2491 food samples of 14 categories were collected in Cangzhou City from 2014 to 2023,and 17 types of foodborne pathogens were detected,including Listeria monocytogenes,Vibrio parahaemolyticus,Staphylococcus aureus,Bacillus cereus,Salmonella and Pseudomonas aeruginosa,and the data were statistically analyzed.Results A total of 408 positive strains were detected in 2491 samples tested from 2014 to 2023,with a detection rate of 12.66%.The detection rate was the highest in 2016(32.63%)and the lowest in 2020(4.07%).The highest detection rate of pathogenic bacteria was Pseudomonas aeruginosa(21.43%)and the lowest was Vibrio traumaticus(0.86%).There was statistically significant difference in the detection rate among different years(χ^(2)=139.512,P<0.05).Vibrio parahaemolyticus was the most seriously contaminated in 2017 among the 10 years,with 41.56%.The difference in the detection rates of Vibrio parahaemolyticus was statistically significant among different years(χ^(2)=42.561,P<0.05).Among 14 types of food,the detection rate of Vibrio parahaemolyticus was the highest in aquatic products and their products(19.22%).The farmers'markets had the most severe contamination among the five sampling locations,with 20.24%.The difference in the detection rate was statistically significant among various sampling locations(χ^(2)=15.267,P<0.05).Conclusion There is contamination of foodborne pathogenic bacteria in commercially available foods in Cangzhou City of Hebei Province,and the health supervision department should strengthen supervision efforts to reduce the occurrence of foodborne diseases and ensure people's food safety.

关 键 词：食源性致病菌 市售食品 食品污染 

分 类 号：R155.3[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学]