基于高通量测序技术四种不同酒曲发酵酒醅真菌菌群研究  

Fungi flora in fermented grains of four different Jiuqu based on high-throughput sequencing technology

作　　者：王佳佳 杨玉玲 李术钗 张婷婷 杨军 WANG Jiajia;YANG Yuling;LI Shuchai;ZHANG Tingting;YANG Jun(School of Pharmacy,Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Guiyang 550025,China;College of Pharmacy,Guiyang Kangyang Vocational University,Guiyang 550081,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州中医药大学药学院,贵州贵阳550025 [2]贵阳康养职业大学药学院,贵州贵阳550081

出　　处：《中国酿造》2025年第4期127-131,共5页China Brewing

基　　金：2021年度贵州省科技支撑计划(黔科合支撑[2021]一般105)。

摘　　要：该研究利用苗家酒曲(MJ)、安琪酒曲(AQ)、伍曲香(WQ)、广西中草药酒曲(ZY)发酵酒醅,采用高通量测序技术分析比较不同酒醅的真菌菌群多样性,考察不同酒曲对酒醅真菌菌群的影响。结果表明,4种酒醅中真菌菌群归属于5个门、24个属,优势真菌门(相对丰度>1%)均为毛霉门(Mucoromycota)和子囊菌门(Ascomycota),共有的优势真菌属为根霉属(Rhizopus)和未分类属(unidentified),此外,AQ发酵酒醅中的优势真菌属还包括未分类酵母目(unclassified_Saccharomycetales)、假丝酵母属(Candida)、曲霉属(Aspergillus)、毕赤酵母属(Pichia);MJ发酵酒醅中优势真菌属还包括Cyberlindnera、曲霉属、酵母菌属(Saccharomyces);WQ发酵酒醅的中优势真菌属还包括曲霉属、红曲霉属(Monascus)、横梗霉属(Lichtheima);ZY发酵酒醅中优势真菌属还包括横梗霉属、红曲霉属、假丝酵母菌属。主坐标分析(PCoA)结果表明,MJ和WQ发酵酒醅的真菌菌群结构相似,但与AQ、ZY发酵酒醅差异较大。相关性分析结果表明,unclassified-Fungi、unidentified、Rhizopus、Cyberlindnera与其他物种联系紧密。In this study,the fermented grains was fermented using Miaojia Jiuqu(M),Anqi Jiuqu(AQ),Wuquxiang Jiuqu(WQ),and Guangxi Chi-nese herbal Jiuqu(ZY).The fungal flora diversity of different fermented grains was analyzed and compared with high-throughput sequencing technol-ogy,and the effect of different Jiuqu on fungal flora of fermented grains was investigated.The results showed that fungal flora in 4 fermented grains were assigned to 5 phyla and 24 genera.The dominant fungal phylum(relative abundance>1%)was both Mucoromycota and Ascomycota,and the common dominant fungal genera were Rhizopus and unidentified.In addition,the dominant fungal genera in AQ fermented grains included unclassi-fied_Saccharomycetales,Candida,Aspergillus,Pichia.The dominant fungal genera in MJ fermented grains included Cyberlindnera,Aspergillus and Saccharomyces.The dominant fungal genera in WQ fermented grains included Aspergillus,Monascus,and Lichtheima.The dominant fungal genera in ZY fermented grains included Lichtheimia,Aspergillus and Candida.Principal coordinates analysis(PCoA)results showed that the fungal structure of MJ and WQ fermented grains was similar,but greatly different from AQ and ZY fermented grains.The correlation analysis showed that unclassified-Fungi,unidentified,Rhizopus and Cyberlindnera were closely linked with other species.

关 键 词：酒曲 酒醅 高通量测序 真菌菌群 相关性分析 

分 类 号：TS261.4[轻工技术与工程—发酵工程]