利用出租车时序数据识别城市功能区  

Identifying urban functional structures using time-series taxi data

作　　者：马书红[1] 张俊杰 陈西芳 廖国美 MA Shu-hong;ZHANG Jun-jie;CHEN Xi-fang;LIAO Guo-mei(College of Transportation Engineering,Chang'an University,Xi'an 710064,China)

机构地区：[1]长安大学运输工程学院,西安710064

出　　处：《吉林大学学报(工学版)》2025年第2期603-613,共11页Journal of Jilin University:Engineering and Technology Edition

基　　金：陕西省交通厅科技项目(21-13R)。

摘　　要：针对传统功能区识别方法缺乏对居民这一城市空间活动主体的动态表征,基于出租车轨迹与POI数据,提出了城市地块功能属性识别方法。首先,分别构造一类出发和到达时序向量;然后,利用改进的动态时间规整和聚类算法对居民出行模式进行聚类划分;最后,结合居民的出行曲线特征、POI密度、富集指数对地块功能属性进行识别。以西安市为例,讨论不同区域内居民在工作日与休息日的出发和到达模式特征,识别城市内不同地块的功能属性,结果表明:不同出发模式和到达模式曲线在早高峰、午高峰、晚高峰、夜间、凌晨展现出不同波峰,对应地块在空间分布中呈现一定圈层结构,并表现出各自的功能倾向,利用居民出发-到达模式特征和POI信息对地块功能属性的识别具有互补作用,其功能属性呈现出“职-住-休”三元结构发展,也侧面反映不同属性功能区与人群活动的时空变化规律。研究结果对规划部门重新分配交通资源、优化城市空间结构具有借鉴作用。In response to the lack of dynamic characterization of residents as the main body of urban spatialactivities in traditional functional area identification methods,this paper proposes a functional attributeidentification method for urban parcels based on taxi trajectory and POI data.Firstly,a class of departureand arrival time vectors are constructed respectively.Then,the residents'travel patterns is clustered by animproved dynamic time regularization and clustering algorithm.Finally,the functional attributes of theblocks are identified by combining the residents'travel curve characteristics,POI density and enrichmentindex.Taking Xi'an city as an example,the departure and arrival pattern characteristics of residents indifferent regions on weekdays and rest days are discussed to identify the functional attributes of differentblocks within the city.The results show that different departure and arrival patterns represent differentpeaks in the morning peak,afternoon peak,evening peak,night and early morning,and the correspondingblocks show a certain circle structure in the spatial distribution and their respective functional tendencies.The identification of the functional attributes of the parcels using the departure-arrival patterncharacteristics of residents and POI information has a complementary effect,and the functional attributesshow a ternary structure of"employment-residence-rest",which also reflects the spatial and temporalchanges of different functional areas and people's activities.The results of the study are useful for planningdepartments to reallocate transport resources and optimize the spatial structure of the city.

关 键 词：交通运输规划与管理 时间序列聚类 出租车轨迹数据 居民出行特征 功能区识别 

分 类 号：U491.12[交通运输工程—交通运输规划与管理]